Adam Smith v. Karl Marx Essays -- Papers Capitalism Communism Essays

Adam smith v. Karl MarxBeing reared in the typical capitalist community in the United States, it is much easier for me to relate to the thoughts of Adam Smith. This is not to say that I do not agree with some of the precepts of pure Communism, still like the old adage says, Communism looks good on paper, but in practice, it is completely ineffective. Historically, this form of government does not tend to succeed be sire of galore(postnominal) factors. Some of these include basic economic differences, individualism, and technology and how it advances or serves as a detriment to the state. My stance is clear I believe that Adam Smith has the more credible stance. Beginning with the economic side of the discussion Smith takes a Western approach in his thought processes. He states in so many words that workers are continually looking for the top hat job and the best wage. Marx believes that a wage-labor war will break down society and cause a downfall of the economic structure. The Capitalist belief is that each individual is continually exerting himself to find the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command (Smith 15). Smith says also in paragraph 15 that it is human nature for a person to better society while bettering himself. In Adams opinion each person has the right to the pursuit of happiness, and that each person has to take it in their own hands to advance within society. Marx disagrees by construction that when a person betters himself he does not improve but instead endangers society. For example, when the bourgeois cuts employment because of technology, the bourgeois hurts society by instead of rising the laborers with the circulate of industry, sinks them deeper below the conditions of existence of their own class... ...both of their ideas. They seem to use similar methods, using logical statements to convey their points that seem to very much contrast each other. Marxs philosophies deal with improving society for the bett er to reach industrial prosperity while Smith believes that the incentives of a free market will allow this go along and that human nature will cause Marxs theory to fail. In the end both men want one common goal which is the best possible economic system for society because both realize that economics is single greatest controller of the major aspects of society. BibliographyWorks Cited Page Marx, Karl. The Communist Manifesto. A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston Bedford Books, 1998. 209-32. Smith, Adam. Of the Principle of the Commercial or Mercantile System. A World Of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. Boston Bedford Books, 1998. 195-205.

Edwin Arlington Robinsons Richard Cory Essay -- Edwin Arlington Robin

Edwin Arlington Robinsons Richard Cory I have always secretly envied my dearest luxuriously school friend Erin. It was easy to be jealous of Erin since she was tall with beautiful blonde hair that turned many heads. She feature grace and style and had the coolest car. though people try to resist envy, most succumb to it from time to time. As people focus on all that they lack, they tend to ignore the flaws in those they envy. The observers in the poem Richard Cory allow envy to cloud their perception of themselves. Cory appears to have it all. The poor townspeople look at him and they see the qualities that they themselves lack. An ugly person may regard that if they were beautiful then happiness would be secure. A lonely person believes that finding someone to end his loneliness would diminish his sadness. This is evident in the get-go three stanzas. The townspeople notice Corys appearance as superior to their own. He glittered when he walked (Robinson 986). They also not ed the main characters modality and abundance of material possessions. The observers were too busy working to have time to put effort in improving manners and could not even gestate of saving money when they were lucky not to starve. Many people want to be more than outwardly beautiful or to have more money. My aunt and uncle were coming home to Indiana from Iowa for the Thanksgiving holiday six years ago when they met a drunk driver in a head-on collision. I remember the anguish my family felt for the following some days when we were unsure whether my uncle was going to survive. He did survive though he was altered for the next few years and suffered permanent damage to his body. Insurance companies are set up to right wrongs wit... ...een fulfilled. The observers separate Cory and isolate him because of their perceptions of him. I learned a very historic lesson about envy a few years after becoming friends with Erin. After spending a few years wishing to be more like her, I expressed my feeling of envy. To my amazement, she expressed shock at the idea of my jealousy. She then told me of how before she became my friend that she was envious of me. I was friendly and possessed an outgoing personality whereas she was very timid. If the townspeople had the opportunity to develop a relationship with Richard Cory as I had with my schoolmate, they likely would have discovered their enviable qualities as well. Reference Robinson, Edwin Arlington. Richard Cory Literature Reading, Reacting, Writing. 4th Ed. Ed. Camille Adkins. Orlando Harcourt College Publishers, 2001. 986.

Comparing Waste Land with Other Myths :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

The Waste degrade  Parallels with Other Myths        The Waste Land summarizes the Grail legend, not precisely in the usual order, but retaining the principal incidents and adapting them to a groundbreaking setting. Eliots indebtedness both to Sir James Frazer and to Jessie L. Westons From Ritual to Romance (in which book he failed to cut pages 138-39 and 142-43 of his copy) is acknowledged in his notes. Jessie L. Westons thesis is that the Grail legend was the surviving demean of an initiation ritual. Later writers construct reaffirmed the psychological validity of the link between such ritual, phallic religion, and the spiritual content of the Greek Mysteries. Identification of the Grail humbug with the common myth of the hero assailing a devil-dragon underground or in the depths of the sea completes the unifying idea behind The Waste Land. The Grail legend corresponds to the bang-up hero epics, it dramatizes initiation into maturity, and it bespeaks a quest for sexual, cultural, and spiritual healing. Through all these attributed functions, it influenced Eliots symbolism. Parallels with yet other myths and with literary treatments of the quest theme reinforce Eliots pattern of devastation and rebirth. Though The Tempest, one of Eliots minor sources, scarcely depicts an initiation secret, Colin Still, in a book of which Eliot has since written favorably (Shakespeares Mystery Play), had already advanced the theory in 1921 that it implies such a subject. And Tiresias is not simply the Grail knight and the Fisher King but Ferdinand and Prospero, as well as Tristan and Mark, Siegfried and Wotan. In his feminine function he is not simply the Grail-maiden and the wise Kundry but the sibyl, Dido, Miranda, Brnnhilde. Each of these represents one of the three main characters in the Grail legend and in the mystery cults--the wounded god, the sage woman (transformed in some versions of the Grail legend into a beautiful maiden), and the resurrected god, successful quester, or initiate. Counterparts to them figure elsewhere Eliot must have been conscious that the Ancient Mariner and Childe Roland had analogues to his take symbolism. In adopting fertility symbolism, Eliot was probably influenced by Stravinskys ballet Le Sacre du printemps. The summer before writing The Waste Land he saw the London production, and on reviewing it in September he criticized the disparity between Massines choreography and the music. He might almost have been sketching his own plans for a work applying a primitive idea to contemporary life

Edvard Grieg’s Morning Mood and In the Hall of the Mountain King :: Art

Edvard Griegs Morning Mood and In the Hall of the Mountain KingWhen i thinks of the sentimentalist composers, the names Beethoven, Wagner, Chopin, or Liszt come to mind. Looking even further into the period one sees the names of nationalist composers like Glinka, Tchaikovsky, and Smetana. Unfortunately, there are unbosom many composers of the Romantic era whose music is known, but for some reason there names have grown apart from there music. Edvard Grieg, a Norwegian nationalist composer, is one of these men. Many plurality would know Griegs work In the Hall of the Mountain King if they heard it, but would be inefficient to tell you who had written it or where the work originates from. Despite his lack of fame in todays world, his music still is a prime example of the Romantic period and tendencies. Two works in particular are Morning Mood and In the Hall of the Mountain King, both from his Peer Gynt entourage No. 1, notwithstanding their very conflicting styles.Edvard Grieg i s thought of in the music field as a symbol of Norway. He was born in Bergen, Norway on June 15th, 1843 the fourth of five children. Music interested Grieg from a young age and at the age of six he began piano lessons with his mother. His mother, Gescine Hagerup, was known as the better(p) piano teacher in Bergen and led him firmly, but lovingly into the music field. At the age of fifteen in October of 1858, Grieg left to attend the Leipzig Music Conservatory. He did not have an easy time at the conservatory. During his time there, Grieg suffered an attack of pleurisy that caused permanent damage to one of his lungs. He also had problems with the institutional nature of the school. However, despite the hardships he faced, he graduated from Leipzig at Easter in 1862 with high marks.After graduation, Grieg moved to Copenhagen to broaden his musical scope. While in Copenhagen he met people that would become life long friends and idols. One of Griegs first idols, which he met in Copenh agen, was Niels W. Gade, the first great Scandinavian composer. Another of Griegs idols was Rikard Nordaak, a familiar spirit Norwegian, whose enthusiasm for all things Norwegian was transferred to Grieg. One of the most important people he met in Copenhagen was his cousin Nina Hagerup. They were secretly engaged in 1864 and married by 1867.

The Use of Capital Punishment in America Essay examples -- Capital Pun

The Use of Capital Punishment in AmericaThe use of capital punishment in the U.S. is a growing preserve for most American citizens. According to statistics, seventy percent of Americans are in support of the death penalisation, while only thirty percent are against it. These statistics utter that few people are against capital punishment (Fact 1). With the use of the death penalty growing the controversy is becoming more heated. With only xii states left not enforcing it the resistance is becoming futile (Fact 4). Many debates have been made and even clauses have been invoked, such as, the Cruel and Unusual clause that was invoked by the Supreme Court in 1962 (Meltsner 179). The use of death as a punishment has been viewed as cruel and unusual, but in further look the view of what is considered cruel and unusual has been reduced drastically (Berns 31). Americas method of punishments has been reduced from several extremely painful execution methods, to four strong and less pain ful punishments. They consist of line of execution, gas chamber, electric chair, and the most popular lethal injection (Ways 1-4). The debate about the death penalty consists in both ethical and religious viewpoints. The death penalty should be legalized in all fifty states, to deter from crime, keep repeat offenders off the streets, and ameliorate prison costs from the taxpayers. On the other hand, there have been some men and women that have been wrongfully accused and executed for murder. Since the 1900s at least 416 people have been wrongfully executed causing great concern for the accuracy of the death penalty ( finale 4). According to an examination of the Death penalization and Legislature, Henry Schwarzchild calculated that if the courts were to carry out the death penalty for every murder, then we would be executing 400 persons per week (Bedau 366). At the same condemnation this small number of mistakes is nothing compared to the problems society would face without the death penalty. The concern of the death penalty not only pertains to social problems, but also to scriptural aspects as well. Walter Berns states umteen passages from the Bible that support the death penalty, but after careful research he determines that the passages can be interpreted in many different ways. To read this passage from Genesis someone might think that the death penalty is suppo... ...sy and debate that could continue in years to come. Works Cited 1. Bedau, Hugo. The Death Penalty in America Third ed. New York Oxford University P, 1982. 2. Berns, Walter. Crime and the Morality of the Death Penalty. For Capital Punishment. New York Basic Books P, 1974. 3. Carelli, Richard. Court refuses to outlaw Florida electric chair. uppercase 19 Jan. 1999. http.//web.lexus-nexus.com/universal (20 Jan. 1999). 4. Death Penalty Facts. 7 June 1995. http//susers.aol.com/mcluf/deathf.htm (20 Jan. 1999). 5. Death Penalty Fact Sheet. http//www.ohio.net/mhs/c ivics/capp/-factsheet.htm (20 Jan. 1999). 6. Kieter, Richard. On the Front Line Law enforcement views on the Death Penalty. Feb. 1995. http//www.essential.org/dpic/dpic.r03.html (5 Feb. 1999). 7. nine-spot Lives Myths and Facts about the Death Penalty. http//www.ninelive.org/myths. htm (20 Jan. 1999). 8. Meltsner, Michael. The Supreme Court and Capital Punishment. Cruel and Unusaul. New York Random House P, 1973. 9. Ways to be Executed by the Death Penalty. http//www.ohio.net/mhs/civics/capps/ execution.htm (20 Jan. 1999).

The Use of Capital Punishment in America Essay examples -- Capital Pun

The Use of Capital Punishment in AmericaThe use of capital punishment in the U.S. is a ripening concern for most American citizens. According to statistics, seventy percent of Americans ar in support of the end penalty, while tho thirty percent are against it. These statistics show that few people are against capital punishment (Fact 1). With the use of the death penalty growing the controversy is becoming more heated. With only twelve states left not enforcing it the resistance is becoming futile (Fact 4). Many debates have been made and even clauses have been invoked, such as, the Cruel and curious Clause that was invoked by the Supreme Court in 1962 (Meltsner 179). The use of death as a punishment has been viewed as cruel and unusual, but in raise research the view of what is considered cruel and unusual has been reduced drastically (Berns 31). Americas method of punishments has been reduced from several extremely painful execution methods, to 4 quick and less painful punis hments. They consist of line of execution, gas chamber, electric car chair, and the most popular lethal injection (Ways 1-4). The debate about the death penalty consists in both ethical and religious viewpoints. The death penalty should be legalized in all fifty states, to deter from crime, keep repeat move outenders off the streets, and alleviate prison costs from the taxpayers. On the other hand, there have been some men and women that have been wrongfully accused and executed for murder. Since the 1900s at least 416 people have been wrongfully executed causing great concern for the accuracy of the death penalty ( close 4). According to an examination of the remnant Penalty and Legislature, Henry Schwarzchild calculated that if the courts were to carry out the death penalty for every murder, then we would be executing 400 persons per week (Bedau 366). At the said(prenominal) time this small number of mistakes is nothing compared to the problems society would face without the death penalty. The concern of the death penalty not only pertains to social problems, but as well to biblical aspects as well. Walter Berns states many passages from the Bible that support the death penalty, but after careful research he determines that the passages can be interpreted in many different ways. To read this passage from Genesis someone might think that the death penalty is suppo... ...sy and debate that could continue in years to come. whole shebang Cited 1. Bedau, Hugo. The devastation Penalty in America Third ed. New York Oxford University P, 1982. 2. Berns, Walter. Crime and the Morality of the Death Penalty. For Capital Punishment. New York Basic Books P, 1974. 3. Carelli, Richard. Court refuses to outlaw Florida electric chair. Washington 19 Jan. 1999. http.//web.lexus-nexus.com/universal (20 Jan. 1999). 4. Death Penalty Facts. 7 June 1995. http//susers.aol.com/mcluf/deathf.htm (20 Jan. 1999). 5. Death Penalty Fact Sheet. http//www .ohio.net/mhs/civics/capp/-factsheet.htm (20 Jan. 1999). 6. Kieter, Richard. On the Front Line Law enforcement views on the Death Penalty. Feb. 1995. http//www.essential.org/dpic/dpic.r03.html (5 Feb. 1999). 7. Nine Lives Myths and Facts about the Death Penalty. http//www.ninelive.org/myths. htm (20 Jan. 1999). 8. Meltsner, Michael. The Supreme Court and Capital Punishment. Cruel and Unusaul. New York Random House P, 1973. 9. Ways to be Executed by the Death Penalty. http//www.ohio.net/mhs/civics/capps/ execution.htm (20 Jan. 1999).

Gulliver’s Travel Satire

Gullivers Travels is written from the perspective of a shipboard doctor named Lemuel Gulliver, and tells of four of his journeys into remote parts of the world. At the time Jonathan sprightly wrote (1726), the increase in exploration of all parts of the globe had made stories of travels quite popular the travels active wrote of, though, were fictional and satirical, even though presented as if a factual account written by Gulliver himself. A Voyage to Lilliput Mocking the Pompous Gullivers first voyage takes him to a land inhabited by passel who are six inches tall.Lilliput and its rival kingdom of Blefuscu carry on as if their affairs were just as vital as those of European nations, and their nations just as capable, despite the fact that Gulliver could step on them all if he wished. As he records their society, court intrigues, religious disputes, and wars, it becomes clear that European politicians and aristocrats share much of the fatuity of the Lilliputians. When Gulliver is finally forced to leave Lilliput, it is because of trumped-up charges of treason fabricated by court enemies.He spends a short time in Blefuscu, but because Lilliput threatens war everyplace his presence in that respect, he resolves to leave rather than cause further trouble. When Gulliver journeys to a land of giants called Brobdingnag he experiences what it feels like to be a Lilliputian, as the giants are as much larger than him as he is larger than a Lilliputian. Gullivers various brushes with death are humorous, but Swift withal uses them to reinforce a study focus of this section just as Lilliputian affairs are ridiculous because of their smallness, human pretensions are ridiculous as well.Swifts second major object glass for derision appears when Gulliver tries to show the Brobdingnagian king the greatness of England he succeeds only in showing its corruption. While English civilization is more complex and more technologically advanced than Brobdingnag, a large portio n of the technology is devoted to war and destruction, and much of the complexity of law and government is an opportunity for massive corruption. Swifts satire has expanded in this section to cover the entire nation, and other European nations as well. A Voyage to Laputa Pretensions to KnowledgeGullivers third voyage, to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Luggnagg, Glubbdubdrib, and Japan, is divided into four main sections (his ring to Japan at the end is brief). Each stop on Gullivers trip mocks mankinds claims to knowledge and understanding in some way. Laputa, as an island of absent-minded thinkers floating in the air, gives a good picture of a people with impressive thoughts, but no good connection to reality. When Gulliver leaves for the land of Balnibarbi below and enters the city of Lagado, the satire turns much harsher.Swift portrays there a group of men who, after spending some time in Laputa, attempted to apply their pet theories to the improvement of the country. But their ridiculous schemes get under ones skin ruined it, because the theories took no account of reality. Still, most people follow their schemes, for they are after all new, modern, and scientific. Glubbdubdrib is a land where magicians can temporarily bring the assassinated back to earth, allowing Gulliver to speak to various famous historical figures. He discovers, though, that much of the history he has read is inaccurate, through either the ignorance or bias of the historians.Swift also takes this opportunity to speak again of the frequent evil of even honored men such as religious occurers and aristocrats. In Luggnagg, Gulliver himself comes in for mockery. Upon consultation of the existence of immortals in the land, he begins to imagine the greatness of their lives, and sketches out the life of learning and leadership he would live were he to be immortal. His host consequently informs him of one thing he has failed to understand the immortals do not have eternal youth a fact that overth rows his whole grand scheme.A Voyage to the unsophisticated of the Houyhnhnms Human Beastliness Gullivers final voyage is to a land of intelligent horses called Houyhnhnms, and beastly human-like creatures called Yahoos. In his depiction of the Yahoos, and the parallels he draws between their brutish expression and that of humans, Swift expands his satire to the evils of the entire human race. The perfectly rational and virtuous Houyhnhnms provide sharp contrast to this, leading Gulliver to eventually become so ashamed of his almsgiving he almost begins to act like a horse.Despite Gullivers eventual elimination of some of his bad tendencies through imitation of the Houyhnhnms, he is eventually exiled on the product line that his combination of greater intelligence than Yahoos and lesser virtue than Houyhnhnms makes him dangerous. The end of the story presents Gullivers dilemma he is now horrified by his fellow humans, yet his behavior in talking to horses and refusing to eat wit h his family is enough to make the reader wonder if he is insane.Gullivers dilemma is also humanitys. Developing greater virtue can lead to hating humanitys corrupt nature, but trying to escape ones own human nature because of its corruption is insanity. So throughout Gullivers Travels, Swift repeatedly satirizes human corruption and inadequateness from a variety of angles. The four adventures progressively increase the scope and forcefulness of these attacks, leading to the thematic climax that ties off the plot.

Essay on Political Rights

It was decade when the sexual revolution swept the country and when women proclaim their liberation from male dominance. The totality of this period ordain be explored, from protests to songs, literature to leisure and civil defense to civil rights. You will examine music, especially the exposition from music about love and relationships to the more society-focused music at the end of the decade. In Dalton to writing critical essays and analyses, you will work In Project establish Learning (PL) that will synthesize your Interpretation of the material covered. Student Out pick outs.At the end of the course students will be able to Identify and explain the main economic, policy-making and social issues connected with the Sixties Include a thesis statement that accurately guides ideas in all critical writing Analyze songs at the coat and deep levels and explain their cultural context Write reflections that include all five categories in reflective rubric educate collaboratively to achieve agreed upon goals. Policies cast Attendance when a student misses four or more classes during a quarter, that student will capture a zero (O) for the (30%) participation portion of the course. 0 or ore minutes late will be considered an absence. Three lattes equal one absence. Mobile Phones/Laptops/loops Not allowed under any circumstance, unless turned off. Late Work Accepted only under extenuating circumstances and only when one meets with the instructor before the due date. Otherwise, all late papers will receive a failing grade. Incomplete assigned only under extenuating circumstances, after speaking with me. Only 50% of all work send word be made up, if a student receives a failing grade for the course. Grade Percentages 32% Four (4) four-page papers economic/political, social, language, music 20%Quizzes/Reflective literary productions 28% Final Project (includes final presentation) Course Texts and Materials The Electric Cool Aid Acid Test, by Tom Wolfe The Best a nd the Brightest, by David Halters. Readings will come from this book, but there will be less emphasis on it than in the past course. Sixties Course Book, with Readings. The daily schedule below can be altered based on the decision of the instructor. Additional readings may be assigned as necessary (to expand understanding). All work will be graded using the course rubrics.Classroom Behavior The use of cell hones and other electronics (including pods and laptops) is prohibited. You may be asked to leave class if they are used. Additional violations of come on disciplinary code may result in suspension or dismissal. In addition, the instructor has the right to curb classroom discussion in an run to meet the educational objective of the class session. For those who stray beyond the bounds of acceptable behavior, the NEST Student Conduct Code will be enforced. detail of all projects and assignments will be provided in sufficient time to allow for completion.

Coexistence of Private and Public Sectors

New scotch PolicyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to navigation, search For the Malaysian New Eco nary(prenominal)ic Policy, see Malaysian New Economic Policy. Soviet Union This article is part of the series Politics and politics of the Soviet Union GovernmentshowConstitutionGovernment MinistriesState CommitteesExecutive OfficerCouncil of Peoples CommissarsCouncil of MinistersCabinet of MinistersState CouncilPresidential Council Communist PartyshowCommunist Party CongressHistoryGeneral Secretary Politburo substitution CommitteeSecretariatOrgburo LeadershipshowLeadersPremiers CabinetsPresident (List) Vice PresidentCollective leadership LegislatureshowCongress of Soviets Central Executive CommitteeSupreme Soviet Soviet of the UnionSoviet of NationalitiesPresidiumCongress of Peoples Deputies Speaker1989 Legislative election JudiciaryshowLaw Supreme CourtPeoples CourtProcurator General Historyshow19171927 RevolutionCivil farming of war19271953 World war II19531964 Khrushche v Thaw19641982 Era of Stagnation19821991 Dissolution IdeologyshowState Ideology Soviet democracyMarxism-LeninismLeninismStalinism EconomyshowEconomy AgricultureConsumer goodsFive-Year PlanKosygin reformNew Economic PolicyScience and technologyEra of StagnationMaterial fit planning SocietyshowCulture DemographicsEducationFamilyPhraseologyReligionTransportRepre ssion CensorshipCensorship of imagesEconomic repression spacious purgeGulag systemCollectivizationHuman rightsMass killingsIdeological repressionSuppressed research governmental abuse of psychiatryPolitical repressionPopulation transferPropagandaRed Terror Atlas USSR Portal view talk edit The New Economic Policy (NEP) (Russian , , Novaya Ekonomicheskaya Politika) was an economic policy proposed by Vladimir Lenin, who c all(prenominal)ed it enjoin capitalism.Allowing some private ventures, the NEP allowed small animal businesses or smoke shops, for instance, to reopen for private profit while the state continued to contro l banks, foreign trade, and striking industries. 1 It was officially decided in the course of the 10th Congress of the All-Russian Communist Party. It was promulgated by decree on 21 March 1921, On the heir of Prodrazvyorstka by Prodnalog (i. e. , on the replacement of foodstuffs requisitions by fixed foodstuffs tax). In essence, the decree required the farmers to give the government a specified amount of raw rustic product as a tax in kind. 2 Further decrees refined the policy and expanded it to include some industries.The New Economic Policy was replaced by Stalins First Five-Year Plan in 1928. Contents hide 1 Beginnings 2 Policies 3 Disagreements in leadership 4 Results 5 End of NEP 6 See overly 7 Multimedia 8 Further reading 9 Footnotes 10 External links edit Beginnings This section requires expansion. The NEP replaced the policies of War fabianism. Whilst some leading Bolsheviks were opposed to it, it seemed infallible due to circumstances to allow limited private commerc ialism in the form of the NEP. edit PoliciesThe laws sanctioned the coexistence of private and world sectors, which were incorporated in the NEP, which on the another(prenominal)(prenominal) hand was a state oriented mixed economy. 3Rather than repossess all goods produced, the Soviet government took only a small percentage of goods. This left-hand(a) the peasants with a marketable surplus which could be exchange privately. 4 The state, after starting to use the NEP, migrated away from Communist persuasionls and started the modernizing of the economy, but this time, with a more free-minded way of doing things. The Soviet Union stopped upholding the idea of nationalizing certain parts of industries. Some kinds of foreign investments were expected by the Soviet Union under the NEP, in order to investment firm industrial and developmental projects with foreign exchange or technology requirements. 5The move towards modernization rested on one main issue, transforming the Soviet U nion into a modern industrialized society, but to do so the Soviet Union had to reshape its preexisting structures, namely its agricultural system and the class structure that touch it. The NEP was primarily a bracing agricultural policy. 6 The Bolsheviks viewed traditional village life as conservative and backward. The old way of village life was reminiscent of the czarist Russia that had supposedly been thrown out with the October Revolution. With the NEP, which sought to repudiate the old ways, methods were put in place which promoted the pursuit by peasants of their self-interests. However, the state only allowed private landholdings because the idea of collectivized farming had met with much opposition. 7 edit Disagreements in leadershipLenin considered the NEP as a strategic retreat. 8 However, he justified the NEP by insisting that it was a different type of capitalism. He insisted that this form of state capitalism was the last stage of capitalism before socialism evolved . 9 Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin disagreed over how to develop the Soviet Economy after the World War and the Civil War. Trotsky, supported by left-wing members of the Communist Party, believed that socialism in Russia would only survive if the state controlled the allocation of all output. Trotsky believed that the state should repossess all output to invest in capital formation.On the other hand, Stalin supported the more conservative members of the Communist Party and advocated for a state run capitalistic economy. Stalin managed to wrest control of the Communist Party from Trotsky. After defeating the Trotsky faction, Stalin reversed his opinions about economic policy and implemented the First Five-Year Plan. 10 edit ResultsAgricultural production increased greatly. Instead of the government taking all agricultural surpluses with no compensation, the farmers now had the option to sell their surplus yields, and therefore had an incentive to produce more grain. This incentive co upled with the dissolution of the quasi-feudal landed estates not only brought agricultural production to pre-Revolution levels but surpassed them.While the agricultural sector became increasingly reliant on small family farms, the heavy industries, banks and pecuniary institutions remained owned and run by the state. Since the Soviet government did not yet pursue any policy of industrialization, and did not allow it to be facilitated by the analogous private incentives that were increasing agricultural production, this created an imbalance in the economy where the agricultural sector was growing much faster than heavy industry. To keep their income high, the factories began to sell their products at higher prices. Due to the rising cost of manufactured goods, peasants had to produce much more wheat to purchase these consumer goods.This fall in prices of agricultural goods and sharp overdress in prices of industrial products was known as the Scissor crisis (from the shape of the graph of relative prices to a reference date). Peasants began withholding their surpluses to wait for higher prices, or sold them to NEPmen (traders and middle-men) who then sold them on at high prices, which was opposed by many members of the Communist Party who considered it an exploitation of urban consumers. To combat the price of consumer goods the state took measures to decrease inflation and enact reforms on the internal practices of the factories. The government also fixed prices to halt the scissor effect.The NEP succeeded in creating an economic recovery after the ravage effects of the First World War, the Russian Revolution and the Russian civil war. By 1925, in the wake of Lenins NEP, a major transformation was occurring politically, economically, culturally and spiritually. low and light industries were largely in the hands of private entrepreneurs or cooperatives. By 1928, agricultural and industrial production had been restored to the 1913 (pre-World War I) level. However, unemployment skyrocketed under the NEP and a wider gap was created in the midst of classes. 2 edit End of NEPBy 1925, the year after Lenins death, Nikolai Bukharin had become the fore about supporter of the New Economic Policy.It was abandoned in 1928 after Joseph Stalin obtained a position of leadership during the Great Turn. Stalin had initially supported the NEP against Leon Trotsky, but switched in favour of Collectivization as a resultcitation needed of the Grain Procurement Crisis and the need to accumulate capital rapidly for the vast industrialization programme introduced with the Five Year Plans. It was hoped that the USSRs industrial base would reach the level of capitalist countries in the West, to prevent them being beaten in another possible war. (Stalin proclaimed Either we do it, or we shall be crushed. ) Stalin proposed that the grain crisis was caused by the NEP men, who sold agricultural products to the urban populations for a high price.An alternative definition for the grain crisis (which is more popular among western historians)citation needed revolves around the focus on heavy industry creating a significant consumer goods shortage which meant peasants had nothing to spend their resources on, and then resulting in the hoarding of their grain. For Lenin and his followers, the NEP was intended as an interim measure. However, it proved highly unpopular with the Left Opposition in the Bolshevik party because of its compromise with some capitalistic elements and the relinquishment of State control. 2 They saw the NEP as a betrayal of communist principles, and they believed it would have a negative long-term economic effect, so they precious a fully planned economy instead.In particular, the NEP created a class of traders (NEP men) whom the Communists considered to be class enemies of the working class. On the other hand, Lenin is quoted to have verbalise The NEP is in earnest and long-term ( ? ), which has been used to surmise that if Lenin were to stay alive longer, NEP would have continued beyond 1929, and the disastrous collectivization would have never happened, or it would have been carried out differently. Lenin had also been known to say about NEP We are taking one step backward to later take two go forward, suggesting that, though the NEP pointed to another direction, it would provide the economic conditions necessary for socialism eventually to evolve.Lenins successor, Stalin, eventually introduced full central planning (although a variant of public planning had been the idea of the Left Opposition, which Stalin purged from the Party), re-nationalized much of the economy, and from the late 1920s onwards introduced a policy of rapid industrialization. Stalins collectivization of agriculture was his most notable and most destructive departure from the NEP approach. It is often arguedcitation needed that industrialization could have been achieved without any collectivization and instead by taxing the peasants more, as similarly happened in Meiji Japan, Otto von Bismarcks Germany, and in post-World War II South Korea and Taiwan. edit See alsoEconomic calculation problem Planned economy edit MultimediaVladimir I.Lenin About Natural Tax (Text of the speech in Russian, Record (helpinfo)) edit Further readingDavies, R. W. (ed. ) (1991). From tsarism to the new economic policy continuity and change in the economy of the USSR. Ithaca, N. Y. Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801426219. Fitzpatrick, Sheila, et al. (ed. ) (1991). Russia in the Era of NEP. Bloomington, IN Indiana University Press. ISBN 025320657X. NEP Era Journal http//www. d. umn. edu/cla/NEPera/main/index. php Nenovsky. N,(2006). Lenin and the currency competition. Reflections on the NEP experience (1922-1924),. International Center of Economic Research Working Paper,Torino, No 22, 2006 edit Footnotes1. Ellis, Elisabeth Gaynor Anthony Esler (2007). Revolution and Civil War in Russia. World History The Modern Era. capi tal of Massachusetts Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 483. ISBN 0-13-129973-5. 2. a b c Service, Robert (1997). A History of Twentieth-Century Russia. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. pp. 1245. ISBN 0-074-40348-7. 3. V N. Bandera New Economic Policy (NEP) as an Economic Policy. The Journal of Political Economy 71, no. 3 (1963). http//www. jstor. org/stable/1828984 (accessed Mar 4, 2009), 268. 4. Sheila Fitzpatrick, The Russian Revolution. New York Oxford University Press, 1984 pg. 95. 5. Fitzpatrick, The Russian Revolution, pg. 96. 6. Vladimir P. Timoshenko, Agricultural Russia and the Wheat Problem. Stanford, CA Food Research Institute, Stanford University, 1932 pg. 86. 7. Sheldon L. Richman War Communism to NEP The Road from Serfdom. The Journal of Libertarian Studies V, no. 1 (1981) (accessed Mar 4, 2009), 93. 8. New economic policy and the politprosvets goals. Lenin V. I. Collected Works v. 44. p. 159 9. Sheldon L. Richman War Communism to NEP The Road from Serfdom. T he Journal of Libertarian Studies V, no. 1 (1981) (accessed Mar 4, 2009), 94. 10. Sheila Fitzpatrick, The Russian Revolution, (New York Oxford University Press, 1984), 115. edit External links

Emotional and practical difficulties Essay

Approximately 240,000 children every year find themselves experiencing the emotional and pragmatic difficulties arising from their p arents separating or divorcing. (NACCC 2001). In most cases parents can be responsible, put their own feelings aside and do what is best by their children by mutually agreeing on touch sensation without the use of solicitors and the courts etc. Unfortunately however there are many cases where this does not occur.Usually this happens through lack of trust and communication, which develops because of many different reasons e. g.virtuoso partner having an affair. As a result of this many children lose adjoin with close attachment figures and many members of their extended family. If children are denied progress to with their non-residential parent they whitethorn start to feel rejected or abandoned, blame themselves for what has happened, feel increasingly insecure and may even become withdrawn and in some cases depressed. research by the NACCC has indicated that children who experience this circumstance may start to take unnecessary risks or even harm themselves through feelings such as I alone dont care anymore.In many cases children have become rebellious and in some cases to the extent of anti-social behaviour within their communities and in school or wherever they can receive the most attention. Most disturbingly however many researchers state that the denial of contact can wind instrument to a child experiencing difficulties in establishing happy and lasting relationships in adulthood and thus the cycle continues. A Child Contact mettle is a come across place where children of separated families can enjoy contact with one or both(prenominal) parents, and some epochs other family members, in a comfortable and safe purlieu when there is no viable alternative. (NACCC 2001). Child Contact Centres can ensure that children involved in parental disputes can not only enjoy contact with a non-residential parent (s) and/or other family members butThere are currently 280 Child Contact Centres throughout England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Here in N. I. there are four Centres. Three of these are in capital of Northern Ireland and Cookstown hosts the fourth. Knock Child Contact Centre on the Kings Road in East Belfast is taken as the example. It is staffed by approximately 40 volunteers who are trained in rigorous child protection, domestic violence and conflict, confidentiality approaches and other relevant areas.The warmheartedness is organised and co-ordinated by a senior social worker. It is overseen by a man come alongment committee and is now an independent charity. During the year 1 June 2002 to 31 whitethorn 2003, 74 families used the Knock Child Contact Centre. This involved 102 children and provided 784 family contact visits or 1043 individual childrens visits. There were in like manner 56 visits where children came but the contact adult did not attend and 80 visits where the contact adult a ttended but the children were not brought. These situations can be very disappointing and distressing for both children and adults.Seventy per cent of the children attending the Centre in 2002/2003 were in the 0-5 years age range (71 children), 26% were between 6 and 10 years of age (27 children) and 4% were 11 years of age and older (4 children). While the majority of contact adults are fathers, in the past year, the number of mothers coming for contact with their children has come up from 11% to 19% (14 mothers). In 10 families the resident adult was the father, in one the grandparents, one was an aunt and in two families the children were in foster care. The rest resident adults were mothers.Most of the families using the Knock Child Contact Centre have been involved in the legal system. Sixty-three families (85%) had contact orders when they were referred to the Centre and others obtained orders during the time they were using the Centre. In 22 cases (30%) there were non moles tation orders, with allegations of domestic violence in a further 16 families.The Knock Child Contact Centre is open on Saturdays from 10. 00 am till 12 noon. Between 10 and 15 families attend and there are usually 8 volunteers plus the Coordinator present. end-to-end the year the Centre continued to open on Wednesdays from 2.30 to 4. 30 pm. From the middle of June 2003, this has been extended to 3. 00 7. 00 pm to enable older children to attend after school and also to make midweek contact available to parents who are working. Four volunteers plus the Coordinator are present on Wednesdays. Throughout the first few visits families arrive where adults are apprehensive, often hurt and angry, and children are upset and confused. Over a period of time, in most cases, tensions lessen between parents and trust and confidence begin to underframe again to the extent that families can move on and make their own arrangements in the community.Ideally, the Child Contact Centre is a stepping stone which provides a neutral, relaxed displace for children to build or rebuild relationships with a parent or other relative with great practical and emotional support. It is not a normal situation or a long-term solution. Attachment theory supplies us with an understanding of the abiding need for secure attachments, the profound significance of separation and loss and the lifelong importance of our relationship with others. (Fox, I. Website 1).

Isabel Calway Great Expectations Coursework Essay

In this essay I am going to write about how Dickens presents Estella and Magwitch, two key char human actioners in the story, and the exercise of them.Pip firsts meets Magwitch in a graveyard on Christmas Eve. He has a leg iron, this shows that the story was written when leg irons were still used, in the priggish times.Pip firsts meets Magwitch in a graveyard on a cold Christmas Eve. Pip finds him threatening and is scared by him we know this because slur tells us that he was a fearful man all in coarse grey and when they first meet, Magwitch says keep still you little boy or Ill bring down your throat. He asks him to bring him some food and drink and a file He does exactly what Magwitch asked him to do, and brings him all the things he needed. Even through slur is threatened by him he is still intrigued and asks Mrs. Joe and Joe about the hulk where Magwitch said his was from, evenThough every times he asks he leases told off he continues to ask and finds out it is a prison sh ip and that Magwitch must be a convict. When the police arrive at pips door on Christmas Day pip is scared it is about stealing the pork pie for the convict, but they are just on that point to get some handcuffs fixed by his brother-in-law Joe Gargery.Pip makes certain(p) that Magwitch knows it wasnt him to told the police about his presence on the marshes, and Magwitch sticks up for pip by saying I took some wittles, up at the village over yonder-where the church stands a most out on the marshes this shows the reader that Magwitch does have a heart and wants to make sure Pip doesnt want to get him into trouble and actually has the time to say it, when he didnt have to and it was inconvenience for him.Magwitch is not very well spoken and has an accent, Magwitch say wittles meaning food shows he isnt an gentleman and hasnt been taught to speak properly he also says lookee here and dyee. He pronounces his v as w. Magwitch sires across as a threatening, strong and violent character but later in the story you find out that he is quite emotional and caring. He benefactors his life story saving which he must have worked hard for, he gives them to pip because he lost his daughter.aPip often refers to Magwitch as my friend or my convict this shows there is a real connection, most young child when threatened wish well Pip was would run away, but pip lingers and tries to engage Magwitch.Magwitch does affect pip he is younger life but only a bit, Pip forgets him when he is growing up, but when he finds out that he is his benefactor all of his memories come flooding back. When Pip is becoming a gentleman thanks to Magwitch he is told Magwitch would be taken to prison and maybe killed, Pip feels that it is his duty to help him and act like a son to him, as it, in a way is how Magwitch treated pip.Pip first meets Estella when he is asked to go and play at swing Havishams home from the moment he saw her he thought that she was beautiful when she takes him to see bunk Havisham he say that she shines along the dark passage like a star, and when he is asked by Miss Havisham what he thinks and feels about Estella the first thing he says without hesitation is I think she is very bewitching.Estella follows Miss Havishams every demand. Estella is repeatedly told to break pip heart by Miss Havisham and of course Estella does.She is vulnerable towards Miss Havisham, and Pip is to her, he travel in turn in with her very easily even though Estella is very honest towards him by telling him not to and that she has no heart, she does allow him to kiss her on the cheek a few times, this keeps Pips love for her alive and it seems she is always present to Pip even absent.It is because of Estella Pip aspires to be a gentleman in his visits to Miss Havisham Estella frequently says things such as with this boy?, why he is a common labouring boy and ..And what coarse hands he has And what thick boots this make Pip feels negative and embarrassed about himself when before he felt positive and comfortable.Estella plays a big role in Pips childhood she was his first love and only love, Everything he does has a connection to her, he either does it to impress her or to get closer to her and many other things, if Pip had never of met Estella he would not be so determined to do the things he did, this is a good thing because Pip turned out to have a kick downstairs life then he would of with Joe, but at the same time is heart is broken, which is not positive.

Critical Analysis Top Dog Under Dog

While booth is n awkward person, he tends to try to take the easy demeanor out by doing outlaw(prenominal) stunts such as robbery which causes a turning point in the play. In this analysis I Am mainly arguing whether this story was a reenactment of the death of Abraham capital of Nebraska when he was killed by John Wilkes Booth in an assassination. My main argument is whether it was a racial thing to reenact the assassination plainly using African Americans in poverty to contribute the roles of one of the biggest assassinations in U.S Offence 2 history. Both fellows going through rough times and capital of Nebraska getting fired and being out of a job. They both have nothing to rely on but Booth thinks getting his brother Lincoln back into the game will change their financial stance significantly. The use of Lincoln and Booth provides a means of rewriting history in damage of an ironic textually and a parodied reversal. This becomes a case of laughter in which Parks ironic use of the names works to undermine the social history of the US and slavery.This satire is the fact that Lincoln arcade job is an Abraham Lincoln impersonator, assassinated daily by paying customers. This figure of the erosive man playing as a white man. As the figures of the white assassin can be made black, these become roles which any individual can take up in his or her own celebration. Yet, what this shows is that such imagery is not merely a formal of history, but rather that it encodes a deeper logic. That is, beneath the play of names and the reversal of black and white, Top dog/Underdog plays on the logic of chance and inevitability.On the one hand, the characters narrative fate is preordained by their names on the other hand, they have a choice, a chance to rewrite the historical narrative f Booth killing Lincoln. That the black Booth kills the black Lincoln in the end is explained through the logic that blacks Offence 3 have no one to blame but themselves for black on black violence it is a matter of individual responsibility. background Topped/Underdog is in time era of about roughly 1 asss. These late summer nights puts two grown brothers in a tiny boardinghouse room to work through their past, present, and possible futures.The room is takeed by the younger of the two, Booth, a petty thief and wannabe threaded Monte street cutlers the rent is paid by the elder brother, Lincoln, an arcade performer and former tease hustler who has sworn off the cards. Characters Booth (cards) is a black male who is elflike brother to Lincoln. He is a daily thief who steals everything he desires. Booth is a guy who thinks he is a know it all but in reality is just a crazy bipolar idiot who thinks he has a plan for everything. Booth tries to learn the hustle game 3 card Monte by pressuring his brother Lincoln into teaching his the cheats and skills of the game.Drop out in school and tells everyone lies o get what he wants such as making links wife have an affair. He is the murderer because he kills his brother Lincoln in an Offence 4 altercation where Booth felt as if his brother Link robbed him of his entire inheritance Lincoln (Link) is a Black male in his asss. He is big brother to Booth. Lincoln is a relaxed chilled character who keeps small. He went to school and worked at an arcade imposing as honest Abe to make a living at a low pay salary. He use to hustle people for their money in a game called card Monte. Ft the gang and hustler life to save his life and get on the eight track because he seen his partner get murdered. Link is very unconfined in his motives and feels that whatever he wants to do is not the right way such as when he is goanna lose his job he overreacts and is not confident that he will not get his job back. Link is languish he learns from his mistakes when his friend was murdered. Grace is a Smart intelligent woman who is studying cosmetology. She dates Booth and is supposedly in love with Booth since she was a mi croscopic girl so says Booth. She is beautiful she knows how to have a lot of fun and knows what she wants in life.

According to Seamus Deane Essay

According to Seamus Deane, Translations is a play about the tragedy of English Imperialism. How far would you agree with this statement in coition to both Translations and Heart of Darkness? INTRO Although the location, language and structure of Brian Friels Translations differs unmistakably from that of Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, the topic of colonisation remains central to both. tour the supposed sophistication of civilised colonists is deconstructed in Conrads novella to reveal mans common darkness, Friels play deals with the ways in which the consciousness of an entire culture is fractured by the transcription of one landscape (Gaelic, classical and traditional) for another (Anglo-Saxon, progressive and Imperialistic). 1 Friel uses the apparently passive plotting of an Ordnance batch map to emphasise the loss of indigenous Irish tradition, social history and heritage felt by the natives of County Donegal in Ireland.The translation of the place-names automatically elimina tes the secrets buried in spite of appearance the original name it distorts rather than restores the ontological nature of the place-name. Friel uses Owen to expose the Imperialist outlook on standardisation during his battle with Yolland over Tobair Vree He begins a broad discourse on how Tobair Vree came to acquire its name, identifying a well that once existed nearby and has long since dried up, with Vree an erosion of the Irish Brian.He then asks Yolland do we handle piety with a man long dead, long forgotten, his name eroded beyond recognition, whose trivial little story nobody in the parish remembers? Even as he attempts to demonstrate the invalidity of Tobair Vree as rightful place-name through its seemingly illogical associations, Owen contradicts his own argument. The reality that Owen himself remembers the tale behind the name reinstates the occurrence that as insignificant as this narrative may be to him, it remains the carrier of history and memories, both public an d private.The name not completely retells the anecdote which defined Brians Well, but also evokes Owens memories of his grandfather. The Irish place-names had developed into historical, cultural and social storehouses through their varied associations and values. The reduction of such ontological friendship to an epistemological referent through colonial dispossession therefore reduces identity in an eviction of sorts. 2 The destructive force of English Imperialism is echoed in Conrads Heart of Darkness and is revealed to us through Marlows portrayal of the Africans he encounters and the treatment they are subject to.Forced to work under the conditions of European mechanically skillful labour, the natives acquired expressions of the deathlike indifference of unhappy savages as they became reduced to nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation. The civilised colonists place the savages in chain gangs, enslaving them eliminating their identities and breach their spirit as a people. Throughout the entire novel we, the reader do not learn a single of the Africans names.They are collectively label niggers, creatures, rebels, savages, enemies, ants and criminals by the colonisers. Even the individual natives Marlow speaks of remain unnamed, distant and alien. This is exposed through the portrayal of the helmsman although Marlow shared with him a kind of partnership, he is til now reduced and objectified as merely an instrument. Conrad discloses the dying identity of the Congos indigenous inhabitants through Marlows initial observation of the blind, white incandescence which died out slowly in their enormous and vacant eyes. 3 Friel illustrates Imperialisms effect on identity unequivocally in his play through the federal agency of Sarah. My name is Sarah. Unable to speak her own name previously, Sarahs identity finally emerges and begins to flower. Language is demonstrated to be the key to memory identity is formulate through language. Through Sarah s speech, a hidden landscape of consciousness has been unlocked by Manus, ready to be explored.Sarahs name is crucial in her self-definition and identity, just as with the names of places her name encapsulates not only an identity, but also an origin and a lineage. Sarah blurts out Sarah Johnny Sally to Owen when asked her name, thus providing not only her Christian name but in addition those of her parents. Owen does not hesitate to reply Of course From Bun na hAbhann and complete this marker of the clan. He responds furthermore with his own identity, parentage and place of origin Im Owen Owen Hugh Mor.From Baile Beag. Irish names in Translations quickly become linked not only with identification of an entity, but also with the narrative history associated with that identity through lineage and society. While Friel insists that the play is about language and only language, the fact that Sarah is silenced again by the colonisers could represent the suppressive and inconsiderate t reatment imposed on the Irish people by the English Imperialists, denying them their freedom of expression and thus their right to an identity.4 Conrad mirrors Sarahs silence and consequent absence of identity in Heart of Darkness through his creation of Kurtzs harlot who although described as superb, wild-eyed and magnificent in her deliberate progress, reveals the suffering she has endured under colonial domination through her visibly wild mourning and fear of some struggling, half-shaped resolve. Her formidable silence contrasts wholly with Kurtzs ability to talk.As a musician, politician, poet and humanitarian his inextinguishable gift of magisterial and lofty expression is equated with political power, thus giving Kurtz a sense of real presence which is evidently lacking amongst the native Africans who have become disassociated from their past, their origins and their find over the future. Their only capability in expressing themselves is through their appearance of dumb pa in. Exactly like Friels natives, the original inhabitants of the Congo are immure in a linguistic contour which no longer matches the landscape of fact.

Pulse and Heart Rate Essay

1. Determine your sum total appraise by taking your radial shudder and then your carotid pulse. What was your heart rate in each instance?For my radial pulse my heart rate was 86 beats per minute. For my carotid pulse my heart rate was 90 beats per minute.Explain which artery you found easier to use and why.The artery that I found easier to use was the carotid artery and my reason for that is because the pulse felt stronger.2. Which two websites did you use to regain your site heart rate? The two websites I used to determine my target heart ar www.active.com/fitness and www.webmd.com/body-bmi-calculator3. What was your target heart rate zone on each of these websites? Were the zones the same? According to Active.com my target heart rate is surrounded by 101-131 beats per minute. Webmd.com determined my target heart rate to be between 101-131 beats per minute. Yes, the heart rate zones were very similar.4. Do you consider the range for your target heart rate zones identified b y these websites is reasonable? Why or why not? Yes, I do think that the range of my target heart rate zone is reasonable because my heart rate should be sudden when I am exercising.5. How does understanding your target heart rate zone help you improve your material fitness? Understanding your target heart rate zone can help improve your somatogenic fitness because it can help you maintain your intensity level when exercising.6. Describe a physical operation you have done earlier when you have failed the whistle test. What would you change about that activity in monastic order to pass the talk test? One physical activity that I have done before where I had failed the talk test was when I had to swim out to a marking point in a lake. What I would change about that activity so I can pass the talk test is to practice more on my swimming.

Germany experienced a period of political Essay

policy-making equanimity, spd enkindlet compromise, Hindenburg causing problems, lack of cooperation between parties causing polarisation but no limitless revolutions that happened during 1919-24, growing foreign relations lorcano/treaty of berlin Economic phylogeny, result of lorcano meant breathing space from reparations as well dawes and recent plan and rentenmark dawes plan borrowed US m iodiney lead to increase in capital. Later though expiration still causing problems and unemployment pay is causing issues, increase in taxes Social fortify, conservative ripe joyless and manifests in literature and cinema expressing glory in WW1 contrasts with neue sachlichkiet modern Weimar culture, Bauhaus linking art and functionality.Highlighting neighborly issues in spite of appearance Weimar Overall relative lull but lack of progress, economicalal information but in curt frontier and social progress but non helping Weimar. The historic period 1924 to 1929 are often ex pound as the Golden years but it is debatable to what extent Germany actually experienced political calm, economic development and social progress during this sequence. Certainly there was not the turbulence of post-war Germany and the consequences of the crippling Versaille Treaty were not as harsh in this period but this does not mean it was a time of development and progress.It can be suggested that it was not a period of political calm, there was certainly a lot of tension between the various political parties that made up the many coalition regimens in this period, the failure of so many governments alone suggests that there were serious political issues. The narrowing of the interests of each fellowship meant that it was becoming increasingly difficult for effective coalition governments to be formed. The SPD were especially difficult in this time as they were against compromising with the bourgeois parties as they felt a change in ideals would occur and proposed policies kindred the Heidelberg Programme which would see private ownership of industry be taken over by social owners.Obviously many parties from the left felt this but the SPD had the largest amount of seats in the Reichstag, over one hundred fifty at their peak in the 20s, and therefore had the ability to commit the government into a stalemate. The SPDs inability to compromise makes the political stage even worse when Hindenburg is elected as presidentin 1925. Hindenburg, being a veteran of the Franco-Prussian war and the general who won the battle of Tannenburg was already conservative and took as many steps as he could to reduce the power the SPD had. Hindenburg also believed the powers of the president should be free and even blocked a draft that would limit his ability to use Article 48. This incoduscive atmosphere meant that by the time the SPD were willing to cooperate with a coalition government, individual interests and polarisation of parties had developed and no one else was interested. Therefore this cannot be classed as a period of political calm due to the stagnant political system.However, it could be suggested that this tension is to be expected as people are still feeling the make of the First knowledge domain War and political calm could be defined by the lack of natural political parties attempting to take over. When this era is compared to the years 1919 to 1924 it is by far a time of political calm as there were no outright attempts at revolution. The years before saw extreme right and left wing idealists try to take over and the fact that this was not attempted during the golden years meant it was a time of relative political calm. This is not to mention the successes in Stresemanns foreign policy, which attribute Germany back on track to becoming a serious European power once again. The memory access of Germany into the league of nations and the signing of various treaties, such as the Lorcano treaty, meant Germany were in a period of p olitical calm not experiencing the diplomatic humiliation of the years before.The various treaties signed by Stresemann also helped the economic development in this period. The Dawes gained significant investments from the US and the Young Plan minify the reparations Germany would have to pay, and set a timescale for how massive they would have to pay. This gave the country some breathing space to repair and develop its own scrimping. The young plan, for example, reduced the amount they would have to pay by 1700 million marks than they would in conjunction with the Dawes plan. These plans, alongside the entranceway of the rentenmark meant there was an increase in German capital in this period, which can certainly be classed as a period of economic development.Whilst there is unquestionably evidence of economic development in the mid-1920s it did also experience financial issues. The increase in unemployment, 15% of the workforce were unemployed by 1929, put a heavy strain on th e welfare system of Weimar Germany. The institution for paying unemployment benefits had to borrow gold from the Government, 342 million reichsmarks, and the parties could not agree how to find this money. The SPD would increase taxes while the DVP would cut benefits. This can be seen as a backwards move in economic development, as the system did not address the problem of unemployment, but just effect more money to pay it, with the decision of how to pay for the unemployment benefits was delayed until 1930.This can be seen as the government almost shooting themselves in the foot and making a absolutely term fix for a long term problem. This short-sightedness can also be argued to be found in Stresemanns policies, for borrowing money from the US. An international financial crisis would leave over-dependant-on-America Germany in a high amount of debt, which is what happened when the Wall Street Crash occurred. Therefore it can be said that these years were a period of economic de velopment, but that there would be little long term effect on the country from these developments.Social progress is probably the only contention that can be absolutely agree with, with very influential movements like the Bauhaus dominating this period of time, summed up as Neue Schlachkliet. This movement, saw a forward motion in modern views and an attempt to undermine the Weimar government by exposing the issues faced through literature, theatre and film. The accept for educational and social reform was well documented and although this did not bode well for the Weimar government it definitely showed progress in attitudes of the general public. The conservative nature of many Germans could still be found and also classed as a social progress in the form of anti-democratic writings and films that promoted the glory of the First World war. The two social ideas both grew in this period, but neither celebrated the Weimar Government so whilst it was doubtlessly social progress it wa s not productive for the Weimar republic.There is definitely a case for political calm, economic development and social progress in the mid-1920s but they were not necessarily the advancesthat would warrant the term golden years. The political calm was only due to a lack of serious resistivity to the government but still they could not successfully form an effective coalition government and whilst the economy did improve in this time the provisions made were short-sighted and the country was over-reliant on foreign investments. Whilst social progress was made in this era it is easy to see that the progress wasnot in the name of democracy and presented the Weimar government with future problems as popular ideology differed from what they promoted.

The Success or Failure of Baz Luhrmann’s Movie, The Great Gatsby

Baz Luhrmanns The salient Gatsby attempts to recreate the novel, besides fails miserably. F. Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby is very different in meaning from Luhrmanns fillic adaptation. The film, unlike the novel, makes Gatsby seem like a rally in love, and fails to show the idealism behind Gatsbys dream. Baz Luhrmanns The Great Gatsby attempts to recreate F. Scott Fitzgeralds themes, but ends up failing miserably. The film tried to juggle too galore(postnominal) themes at once, rather than stress a couple crucial ones throughout the movie.The film was unable to convey the failure of the American romance that Fitzgerald so aptly analyzed throughout his novel. Fitzgerald, unlike Luhrmann, was able to make the reader see that Gatsbys vision (all of his wealth and grandeur had a purpose to win over Daisy), which parallels the American Dream that many people strive for. The impossibility of this dream is keyed in on through the dialogue between pass and Gatsby during Luhrman ns film, but it does not even come close to achieving the same effect that Fitzgerald did in his novel.Luhrmann focuses on how Gatsbys hope and determination to repeat the past in this one scene, but fails to sequester this in throughout the movie. This important theme is forgotten by the end of the film because of how gaudily the film is stylized. The film may have accurately portrayed the imagery of the extravagant parties that Fitzgerald vividly described, but the glitzy diversions detract from the central themes. The disjointedness of the film, as a result of these distractions, cause the viewer to forget the content of the film.Luhrmanns care to the visual and musical aspects of the film prevented the film from exploring the themes that Fitzgerald was able to do by ensuring that the imagery served a great purpose (not just to become a box office success in Luhrmanns case). Also, the changes to Nicks character are significant as it shifts the focus from Gatsby to Nick. Fitzge rald purposefully leaves Nicks disembodied spirit ambiguous, but Luhrmann attempts to give Nicks departure from the East an edge by turning him into a drunkard. By doing this, Luhrmann emphasizes the excesses of the time, and ends up

The Role of the Individual in Candide

All close to the world the types of the several(prenominal) and of company be completely abstract. As the world deepens and develops, the roles of the somebody and society change to meet the needs of the wad. Voltaires Candide which involves France during the Age of Enlightment & Marx & Engels Communist Manifesto which involves Germany around 1848 both discuss the roles of the individual and of society in different ways. In both pieces of literature what is expected of the individuals and of society is very different from what is concisely happening.The Communist Manifesto discusses tender-heartede nature and social class while Voltaire discusses the flaws of society and the realities that not everything is for the best. In Communist Manifesto, the role of an individual is to be an equal and prune towards the greater good of society and the role of society is to provide equality for alone people. However in Candide, the role of an individual is to be an individual while the role of society is based upon the society you be live in. The role of the individual harmonise to Marx and Engels is to be an equal with everyone else in society. The immediate aim of the Communists is the same as that of all other prole parties Formation of the confinement into a class, overthrow of the mercenary supremacy, conquest of political power by the proletariat (Communist Manifesto 13) The Bourgeois are the 0. 1% of the population that owns the baseborns of production and The Proletariat are laborers who are 99. 9% of the population. Carl Marx states here that the goal of Communism is equality for all. If you overthrow the Bourgeois it insures that power will be balanced because its 99. 9% in control now instead its 0. 1% in control.Marx describes his distaste for how everyone in society is being manipulated by the small percentage in control. Marx goes on to say that The middle class has subjected the agricultural to the rules of the towns. It has created eno rmous cities, has greatly increased the urban population as compared with the rural and has thus carry through a considerable part of the population for the idiocy of rural life (Communist Manifesto 7) People are being control in a majority of their daily routines and being an individual is not something truly supported by the Bourgeoisie. You say individuality vanishes.You must therefore confess that by individual you mean no other person than the bourgeois, than the middle-class owner of property (The Communist Manifesto 16) The idea of socialism is to encourage people to actually be individuals while being an active member of society. Although the role of the individual are made very clear by Marx they fail due the ideals of human nature. It is said that the human nature can be considered the downfall of communism. Communism as proposed should be extremely successful moreover due to human nature there is no way for communist success.The success declines as currently as it st arts because people lose motivation. People have no motivation to work as heavy(a) as they possibly can because everyone is economically equal. This is a flaw of the communist society as irrelevant to capitalist economy. Marx wants people to work as an autonomous collective to gain power and take it away from capitalism however, people are only invested in something that benefits them, and communism relies on an all for one, one for all attitudes. accord to The Communist Manifesto. the role of society is to provide equality for all people.As stated In bourgeois society, living labor is but a mean to increase labor. In communist society stash away labor is but a means to widen, to enrich, to promote the existence of the laborer (The Communist Manifesto 15) Marx describes a comparison between the society currently and what Marxs hopes society will be. Individuals are promised so often more in a Communist society. The difference between the idea of increasing labor and widen labo r although minuscule provides hope for the people who are sick of their current society. In communist society, the impersonate dominates the past. In bourgeois society, capital is independent and has individuality while the living person is dependent and has no individuality (The Communist Manifesto 15). This shows how people, while working toward the greater good have their own individuality under communist society. In a Communist Society although people are allowed to be unequaled they are all considered equal no matter what. In Candide the role of an individual is to be an individual. Voltaire, passim the skill of repetition exploits how people behave.He describes for instance how everyone feels someone is better off than they are. Voltaire uses Candides journeys to portray the human assumption that the grass is always greener on the other side. Now even though most people are not pleased with how their lives are currently, they are esteemed individuals. Individuals work for t he benefits of themselves as they cultivate their farms and work hard to make sure their families are well fed and stable. I have only 20 acres of land replied the Turk, which my children and I cultivate.Our work keeps us free of three great evils boredom, vice and indigence (Candide 112). This shows how in Candide, societys individuals work hard on their own to make something out of themselves. jibe to Voltaire in Candide the role of society clearly depends on what kind of society you are currently living in. Societies, according to Voltaire had many flaws. As Candide comes to the land of Eldurado, we are shown an almost flawless society. Candide asked to see the law courts, he was told that there were none, that lawsuits were unknown.He asked if there were prisons the answer was no. (Candide 64) In this nearly flawless society all men are free and the king is the complete opposite of a tyrant. I know my country doesnt amount to much, but when man is fairly well of somewhere, he ought to stay there. I certainly have no right to prevent foreigners from leaving that kind of tyranny is sanctioned by incomplete our customs nor our laws (Candide 66). Another society Candide discusses is Paris. Yes, Ive been in Paris its a mixture of everything plunge in all the provinces.Its a chaos, a restless throng in which everyone is looking for joyousness and hardly anyone finds it, or at least thats how it seemed to me(Candide 75) In Paris it seems that this society has no affect in its citizens lifestyle. The individuals yearn for what society has to offer them. Voltaire uses satire to take aim at the military, religion, and societies superficiality to disprove Pangloss theory that all is for the best. The world that we live in is not the best of all possible worlds.

Consumption Journal Essay

In consumer behavior, it is vital that upon completion of the course students have acquired a sound understanding of how consumers search for, get, and use products and services. Furthermore, students should as well be exposed to the social and psychological influences on these behaviors. Finally, to have garnered the most benefit, students should understand how to integrate the speculative concepts into their real world experiences. To achieve these broad objectives, a large amount of information must be presented by the teacher and then processed by the students.The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of manipulation journals. This exercise enables students to non only observe and record their own consumption habits, hardly also to seek the social and psychological factors which may be influencing their and others purchase decisions. Furthermore the greatest benefit is that they enjoy the tuition process. Exercise OverviewThis exercise is designed to be an increment al three part assignment. The first part requires students to fight back a personal consumption journal. In the second part, each student is told to construct a enactment of themselves as a consumer by developing a list of ten products or services typically purchased. The third portion of the assignment is an advertisement evaluation.This requires students to select two products from their ten product list and position advertisements or promotions for them. For each advertisement selected, students are indispensable to identify four to six consumer behavior concepts utilize in the ad, to describe the demographic and psychographic segments to which the ad was targeted and to explain the reasoning for their conclusions. Finally, students are asked to assess whether or not they are representative of these segments. Consumption JournalEach student is responsible for maintaining a consumption journal which describes the products and services which they purchase. Descriptions include what products and services are purchased, where the items are purchased, why the items are purchased, and what feelings are associated with the purchase. Students are required to complete a minimum of two entries each week. Students are asked to submit the preceding weeks entries with the new entries, allowing the instructor to view the weekly progress and making the students more aware of the patterns present in their consumption behavior. sectionalisation 1 Consumption JournalYou are responsible for maintaining a consumption journal which describes the products and services which you purchase/used. Descriptions should include what products and services are purchased/used, where the items are purchased/used, why the items are purchased/used, and what feelings/thoughts/actions were associated with the purchase. You must bring your consumption journals to each class. Dos and Donts1. Do describe the consumption activity and your own thoughts, feelings and actions in some detail, s ave you do not have to detail every tiny bit. I would consider the sample down the stairs as fairly detailed. Do not make it much more detailed unless you have to. 2. Do limit it to consumption activity that can be described in public. 3. Do focus on more important consumption activities. If there arent any, then drop down to the more unremarkable activities. 4. Try to get at least 15 entries during the month (obviously many of them would be ordinary activities, but if you have two activities for the same productas belowthat counts as two activities. 5. Dont limit yourself only to purchases.consumption is defined broadly as pre-purchase, purchase, and post-purchase situations in which you experience feelings, thoughts and actions in regards to achieving satisfaction or reducing dissatisfaction.

Air Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Air Power - Essay ExampleRealists of each varieties heed Machiavellis caution that security for gentleman is impossible if non it be conjoined with power. (18) Leaders indirect request to defend their condition from assault must learn to master the planned application of power and make a motion therefore in all situation and against all competitors. Clausewitzs dictum that war is a continuance of dodge by additional means (the sword in its place of the pen) suggests its reverse that statecraft is at its aliveness war by political means Why use a sword when a ballpoint will be sufficient But stay your sword sharp in the occasion negotiated agreements in the end fail.Hans Morgenthau and Henry Kissinger, refugees from Nazi Germany who become key information in the American realist tradition, witness in the barbarity of European totalitarianism a warped moral fervor adversative to the fundamental individual security upon which self-governing following systems depend. Failing to be f amiliar with the reality of Hitlers increasing armed power, obliterate their arsenals, relying on treaties and declarations to remain the steady, open-minded democracies shaped the conditions under which the worldwide murder of World War II might no longer be banned. For Morgenthau and Kissinger, the ignominious breakdown of the Wests following idealism from Versailles to Hitlers attack of Poland is summed up in a solitary image of humiliation Neville Chamberlain, winning his return as of Munich to London on September 30, 1938 following handing the Sudetenland to Hitler, wave a text before soothing crowds Here is the document which bears his persons name upon it as well as pit. Instead of achieve peace in our time as Chamberlain proclaim, the Munich treaty fatally shifted the European equilibrium of power in Hitlers favor, igniting the global disaster Churchill called the Unnecessary War.Morgenthaus Politics Among Nations remains the find American employment of realism in the tra ditional tradition. Morgenthaus understanding of the move violently for power and calm--shaped by his own knowledge of the victory of totalitarianism and antisemitism in his inhabitant Germany--carries over pessimistic assumptions well-nigh person psychology, and the force for power, reflected in the worldview communal by Thucydides, Machiavelli, and Hobbes. (22) Morgenthau follows Spinozas attack winning philosophers who imagine man not as they are but as they would like them to be. So Morgenthaus

Prosecution and Offense Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prosecution and criminal offence Issues - Essay ExampleThe prosecutor must go beyond at this point since most law often stop at the point of probable cause. In other words, the prosecutor must be diligent enough to find other corroborating witnesses and employ the help of forensic experts in gathering more(prenominal) crime scene evidence to make the case airtight towards a final conviction. Discussion separate necessary legal prosecution preparations include discussing the merits of the case with the witness/es and also try spillage over the case of the defense so that all involved in the case has a salutary overview of what might happen and how to counter the arguments of the defense side and then present counter-arguments witnesses should be adequately lively by their offense lawyer on possible questions to be asked by the defense lawyer during their cross-examination. completely these required work is collectively termed as witness preparation (Ahmed, 2009, p. 25). The g ood prosecution lawyers are lively for anything and do not allow themselves to be caught in off-guard situations, such as the presentation of a bewilderment witness or evidence by the defense. An example would be prosecuting a case for homicide. The prosecuting attorney must be certain about a few things, such as the identification of the suspect, the motive, the opportunity to rely the crime and all the additional evidence that will establish the presence of the suspect at the clock time and location of the crime scene when the crime was committed.

Strategic management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 8

Strategic management - Essay Example(Florio, 2003)In 1981 the British Telecommunications Act separated BT from the Post Office and began the process of liberalization. Consequently in 1982, Mercury, an ancillary of Cable and Wireless, was conscious as a state of matteral fixed line network operator became a competitor of BT.In 1983 the government declared its duopoly policy which stated that the only telecom service providers for fixed lines in the nation would be BT and Mercury for the coming 7 years. (Summanen, and Pollitt, 2003p.2)In 1982 the government political programned to privatize BT. In 1984 the plan was executed and BT was privatized 50.2% of its stakes were sold to the public. The creation of Oftel under the Telecommunications Act 1984 after BTs privatization, finally take to the separation of its regulatory and operational functions. The privatization of BT in 1984 showed signs of a new structure of the telecom industry that could neck better in a competitive framew ork than in the public sector. The need for investment in the operations and services and customer orientation was acknowledged. (BTs response, 2005, p.7)The duopoly stage of BT, from 1984 to 1990, led to a soft landing into competition. Even though BT sold its manufacturing units shortly after its privatization, the number of employees grew from1984 to1990. (Summanen, Pollitt, 2003, p.4) In 1987 Iain Vallance was selected as the chairman of BT. The sign reorganization of British telecom as an integrated telecommunications corporation was made in the early 1990s.In April 1991, BT came up with a different business structure, which was the outcome of a yearlong reorganization. BTs new memorial tablet concentrated on definite market sectors to satisfy the needs of a variety of customers- individuals, small companies, and MNCs. At the same time, the objective of achieving a leading position as a global telecommunications operator was placed down.

Business Communication - how to become more effective within the Essay

phone line Communication - how to become more effective within the scheme - Essay ExampleThese objectives could both be short term as well as long term both looking to arouse the working capital of the organization and its different tenets. (Cappelli, 1999)To be effective within a business conference setting, there is a need to have proper and sound policies when it comes to e-mail communication, cross cultural veer and lastly correct usage of diversification within an organization. E-mails that are sent out in an organization need to be written and sent in a manner which could easily be canvas and understood by the right merge of audiences that work within an organization. This means that the language used should be read fitting and easy to interpret. (Jackson, 2007) Any organization would dearly want to have employees who could make out from a variety of different Internet languages, which also brings to light the notion of understanding and comprehending the net lingo the mix of informal Internet language and the common, daily use terms like hey, u, f9 and so on.ethnical differences have been the root cause of the ever-increasing number of issues related with various cultures merged at a individual(a) place. It has been going on for a long time and researchers, though trying their best, have not been able to find a suitable remedy for the problem. There are definitely some guidelines attached with the gleam interaction and transfer of cross-cultural issues but they are hard to come by and even harder to follow through at the work place, more so if the employees are not that comfortable with the same. (York, 1994) Cross cultural sentience is increased within the companies and its people through effective managers who can bridge the gap amongst them culturally and socially. It is adopted through extremely viable work styles, cultures and practices within the office work place. Productive relationships between employees result in a better understa nding of the business in general and amongst the cross-cultural factions

Reflective Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective Writing - Essay ExampleReflection upon the hithertot This was my early interview as a nurse and I was very nervous and at the same time excited. Being the first profession-oriented interview of my life, outcome of this interview meant a lot to me. I knew that if I did hale in the interview, it would fill the confidence in me that I require at the first step of my pro life. Also, if I did badly, I knew that would shatter my confidence and I would be doubtful of my skills when I personationually appeared in the interviews later. I didnt want that to happen. So I prepared for my interview well. In order to go over the knowledge of the AMNC competency and MNH Graduate Abilities in my mind, I started reading the course material one undecomposed week before the interview. At the time the interview was nigh to commence, my heart was pounding fast. I valued to get control over my heart-beat, but that was beyond my control. I was more or less pale and was also slightly shivering. My hands and feet had become cold and I was rubbing my palms against each other in order to doting up a bit. In order to control my nervousness, I was taking late breaths. The good about the experience was that it allowed me to have an insight into my action as an interviewee. Having acquainted myself with the right professional nursing skills is only part of the game. My presentation of myself and performance at the interview is something intrinsically linked with my disposition, and having a sound personality is valued a lot by the interviewers. This interview enabled me to find out how good I am at that and the potential areas I need to work upon in order to further improve my performance as an interviewee. I dont think there was anything bad about this experience. It was an exercise supposedly quite beneficial for a nurse who is just starting his/her career. I conducted a little investigate about ways to sound and look confident in an interview. I dressed nicely , wearing grave colors. I was in a well-pressed business attire. I had used a mint mouth-wash five minutes before the interview in order to feel fresh from inside. I took long and deep breaths in order to regulate the stress and rubbed my palms against each other to warm them up. I wished everybody a good-morning after accounting entry the room and occupied a seat with due permission of the interviewing committee. I looked at the interviewer in the eyeball and answered in a moderate tone. I think my strategies went fairly well. I had practiced all this at my home a couple of times before the interview day. The act of rubbing my palms, taking deep breaths and using mouth-wash before the start of the interview made me achieve a control over myself. My act of wishing the interviewing committee and taking permission before sitting impressed upon the committee that I am well-mannered. By looking the interviewer in the eye, I made the interviewer feel that I was taking him/her serious ly and also that I was confident. Controlling my tone added to the good impression I had had on the interviewing committee to make it even nicer. During the interview, I was asked what I would decide in a particular clinical situation they put in front of me. They wanted me to demonstrate my ethical decision making competency. They asked me what would I reply to a persevering who is being unnecessarily rude to me. They wanted to check my patience and emotional intelligence. Likewise, my judgmental and literary skills were

Writing assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Writing assignment - Essay ExampleWith the many possible sources of ocean pollution, there exist myriad of adverse effects with prevention calling for collaborative efforts among governments, international community and individuals.The commencement ceremony knead of ocean pollution is oil pollution. As noted by WWF, 12% of ocean oil pollution emanates from oil spills with 36% attributed to runoffs from cities and industries. The oil from down the drain contributes to ocean oil pollution the greatest, emitting 363 trillion gallons of oil per year according to Gradwohl. Other sources include natural seeps, offshore drilling, routine maintenance and braggy spills. Although oil-covered sea animals would be covered from cold by the oil as documented by milling machine and Spoolman, they face adverse health effects including reproductive complications and liver diseases due to swallowing of oil which threatens their survival (267). This form of pollution kills ocean life including ma ngroves and coral reefs with intertidal zones noted to be the most sensitive. Thus, cleanups have been embraced by various governments to curb the problem. As NASA documents, the 1983 United Nations treaty, MARPOL (MARine POLlution) brings together the international community to reduce operational and unintended oil spillages. Individually, people should be encouraged to avoid dumping oil and oil-based waste into oceans.Secondly, there are toxic materials dumped into oceans. Slowly degrading chemicals and metals settle on the floor of the ocean, accumulating and becoming hazardous to organisms living at the bottom of the ocean. Eventually, such toxins could enter the food web, contaminating sea animals that are a source of military personnel food. Beard cites mercury, dioxin and radioactive substances released from industries, agricultural practice, gardening and household activities among others as some of the toxins (280). Gradwohl further notes that almost 1,000 refreshed toxi ns get added to the ocean every year. Digging out

Korean history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Korean history - Essay ExampleAdmiral Yi Sun-shin conquestfully destroyed the Nipponese invasion fleet the invasion thus slowing down the invasion. The kingdom besides formed guerrilla armies that were effective in reducing the effect of the Japanese invasion. Admiral Yi Sun-shins success made sure that the kingdom still had control over sea routes. This enabled them to hamper the supply lines of the Japanese troops. In 1593, the troops that were sent by Ming China, were led by General Yi Sun-Shin and were effective in pushing back the Japanese troops. During this period, the kingdom was able to produce the Geobukseon ships and powerful firearms that were helped in their resistance against the Japanese invasion.Ching emperor butterfly led an expedition of 120,000 men in the year 1636.When King Injo heard about the invasion he panicked and fled to Ganghwa Island. Due to Huang Taijis fear for his own territory they offered the Chosn kingdom a quietness deal which the readily accep ted. However, even after the peace deal Chosn continued to defy Manchu. This sentence round they blocked the kings escape route though the king still fled to the Namhansan fortress. The Korean army was unable to respond to the invasion due to the scarcity of food and immunizations. The kingdom attempted each to break the siege for other regions but was unsuccessful. The charges made from within the fortress were also unsuccessful. The state of hopelessness eventually led to the debut of the kingdom with Kwanghaegun opting for developing a good relationship between them and the Manchu. The submission marked by the king handing over three of his pro-war official to the invaders and agreeing to their terms of peace deal.By the duration the western encroachment was coming through there are a number of things that were different in terms of Korean defense forces. Taewongun had repaired the

As the instruction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

As the mastery - Essay ExampleIt is worth noting that some of the earlier documents of this kind can be seen to greatly catch later documents and the judgments presented within them. President Roosevelt presented this paper in Congress in 1941. Some of the key ideas sene to be laid out in this paper have been widely adopted and voiced by resultant administrations and other Americans over time. In this paper, President Roosevelt is seen to emphasize the fact that prior to the year 1941, the United States had been greatly affected by occurrences in other continents. These had seen the country involved in about two wars as well as a issue forth of undeclared wars in the United States attempt to secure the fundamental principles of peaceful commerce and civil rights. He urged for democracy which he claimed was greatly assailed crosswise the valet de chambre. In his legal transfer Roosevelt points out that there are some fundamental things that Americans happen to expect from thei r government pertaining to their economic and semipolitical systems. He summarizes these things as being security for anyone that may happen to require it, jobs offered to those who are in a mental ability to work, the general preservation of all civil liberties for each and every individual, and the ending of granting of a number of special privileges to only a select few. These civil liberties, as presented by Roosevelt in 1941, were later seen to be adopted by the UN in the UDHR that it presented in 1948 as the freedom from fear and want and the freedom from of nomenclature and religion (Roosevelt 6). The UDHR presents a number of human rights that contain compressed versions of civil liberties as declared by Roosevelt. Some of them include Article 1 that emphasizes the fact that all human beings are born oppose and should therefore have both equal dignity and rights. Article 23 of the UDHR is also seen to borrow its idea from Roosevelt as it stresses the innate right of all i ndividuals to be able to work and have a fundamentally free choice of employment. Securing the freedom for individuals to essentially be in a capacity to hold a job is seen to serve to save the individual from lacking some of the wants such as food, essential medical checkup care and housing. (UN General Assembly 25). Similarly, in declaring the right for everyone to obtain security, liberty and life, Article 3 of the UDHR highlights the right of all people to obtain personal security, the government should be in a capacity to provide adequate security for its citizens according to the expected requirements of this Article which are in magic spell seen to be in-line with the freedom from fear (UN General Assembly 2). In his article, Kaplan is seen to point out that the United States project efforts to promote democracy in the poorer different parts of the world are critical. In a like fashion to Roosevelt, Kaplan stresses that the current democracy in the United States is essent ially at a greater fortune than ever before (Kaplan 1). Kaplan ends his article by painting a substantially gloomy picture of the potentially bleak future that stands to affect America and the various achievements that have been made possible across the world primarily as a result of the advent and continual spread of democracy. He contends that the West could arguably be seen to stand to eventually fall to the same fate as most of the earlier civilizations across the world, such as the Roman Empire that strongly believed