I am not sure the topic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

I am not sure the topic - Research Paper ExampleAccess of women in soldiers is still an unpopular phenomenon due to their physique and psychological effectiveness. Since the inception, women in military were assigned only clerical, nursing, madcap jobs and many at times in the production of ammunition. Hence, women worked in military, but their roles were just to support soldiers passively. However, with gigantic human loss in World War I, the need to grow troops demanded replacement of sexuality. Thus, maiden World War brought with it dramatic alteration in the role of women, instead of protesting and grieving over their love ones they provided their support by being recruited on their military takes. When men were assigned overseas job, women replaced their vacant spaces in all walks of life from industry to armed forces. Hence, the trend of Victorian and Edwardian era of women was discarded completely. joined Kingdom In current decade, United Kingdom has allowed seventy perc ent of their female gender to favor for military spaces. In 2002, Ministry of defense pronounced these positions for women and they could actively participate in naval crafts and air force. However, frontline fighters post is not open for them due to their physical and psychological structure (Noakes, 10). This dynamic change did not adventure rapidly, but in 1998 it was increased to forty percent and later on to a maximum touch on of seventy percent till twenty first century (ibid). The reason to ban them from frontline combatant position was their capability to endure, pressure, danger, strength, suitability and numerous psychological factors. However, few exceptional females did fit under the established criteria for such posts, but their quantity was small and unusual. Nevertheless, contribution of women in other European countries like Germany, Finland, Romania, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, France, Netherland and few others has importantly increased and these countries also ha ve assigned women to the front line combat positions as well. The current statistics of new-fashioned decade shows that there is an incline in women for the front line combatant position with an approximate of thirteen to seventeen percent. Hence, except United Kingdom, most of the other European countries have increased the number of women adit in military. In 1996, women on prominent positions of military forces were denounced by the authorities and were transferred to female platoons. Their transference was referred as training and adjustment according to their physique. Hence, they were not allowed to join Royal Armoured corps and Marines, RAF Regiment. Moreover, they could not stimulate tanks or become mine clearance divers (Sherrow, 44). The question is how UK has proved its Victorian and Edwardian system of docile women. A research and observation on mixed gender troops and single gender troops was conducted to assess the efficiency and influence of Women in military serv ices along with men. The hypothesis was that women in front line troops entail risk with less or zero efficiency in terms of combat effectiveness. Hence, their presence stimulates a sense of weakness, delicacy, liability towards them and male combatants also lose their efficiency. Therefore, to take hold the level of efficiency in a troop, single gender troop either of male or female works toward the desired target more efficiently (Noakes, 10-11). Moreover, theory of mixed troops entails

Clinical Audit Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Clinical Audit - Research Paper ExampleBetween September twentieth 2010 and September 22nd 2010, 21 surgical procedures were to be carried protrude on 21 patients. 11 elective course course patients were to consume Co-Amoxiclav. While some of them were to receive only Co-Amoxiclav differents were to receive combinations that include Co-Amoxiclav. While 12 procedures egress of 21 complied with guidelines the rest was of a diverse character such as non ossification, unavailability of guidelines and antibiotics being let on of compliance guidelines. According to this abbreviation it is clear that antimicrobial prophylaxis was to be abandoned to elective patients either a few hours before or during the procedure. Though the level of compliance was considerable there was no decent indication as to how such(prenominal) such compliance produced qualitative and quantitative positive results by path of increasing the degree of reply by patients to antimicrobial prophylaxis. Betw een September 23rd 2010 and September twenty-fifth 2010, 14 surgical procedures were to be carried out on 14 patients. 7 elective patients were to be given Co-Amoxiclav. Only 4 patients out of 7 were given Co-Amoxiclav while other(a)s were given combinations that included Co-Amoxiclav. Only 9 procedures out of 14 complied with guidelines and the other procedures were of a different character. While some of them were to receive only Co-Amoxiclav others were to receive combinations that included Co-Amoxiclav. From September 29th 2010 to October 01st 2010, 25 surgical procedures were carried out on 25 patients.... According to this analysis it is clear that antimicrobial prophylaxis was to be given to elective patients either a few hours before or during the procedure. Though the level of compliance was considerable there was no proper indication as to how much such compliance produced qualitative and quantitative positive results by way of increasing the degree of response by patient s to antimicrobial prophylaxis. Between September 23rd 2010 and September 25th 2010, 14 surgical procedures were to be carried out on 14 patients. 7 elective patients were to be given Co-Amoxiclav. Only 4 patients out of 7 were given Co-Amoxiclav while others were given combinations that included Co-Amoxiclav. Only 9 procedures out of 14 complied with guidelines and the other procedures were of a different character. For example there were cases of non compliance and therefore the efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis could not be determined.Between September 26th 2010 and September 28th 2010, 19 surgical procedures were to be carried out on 19 patients. 10 elective patients were to receive Co-Amoxiclav. While some of them were to receive only Co-Amoxiclav others were to receive combinations that included Co-Amoxiclav. For example Teicoplanin, Gentamicin, Metronidazol were other antibiotics received by the patients. 14 procedures were complied with the guideline out of 19 procedures while the other procedures did not comply with the guidelines due to various reasons such as missing guidelines, antibiotics being out of compliance guidelines and procedures being cancelled. From September 29th 2010 to October 01st 2010, 25 surgical procedures were carried out on 25 patients. 11 elective patients were given

Decide on a topic in interpersonal communication that you feel is Essay

define on a topic in interpersonal communication that you feel is important, that you are interested in, curious about, or that you find to be controversial in - Essay ExampleIt is largely controlled by the sub-conscious intellectual and small gestures can reveal the true feelings. Facial expressions, eye behavior, gestures and posture express emotions, feelings and attitudes, which sometimes stock-still words cannot. Body wording is extensively used in everyday life and has a rally effect on the situation. This paper will discuss the impact that remains language as a tool for interpersonal communication has in counseling and work settings.Albert Mehrabian determined that when taking in what psyche is saying, 7% is attributable to verbal communication, 38% to tone of voice and 55% to facial expression and body language (Marketing, 2006). He observed that the way muckle use their body language is crucial in communication of information. Gabbot & Hogg (2000) assert that underl ying the evaluation of any human exchange is a colonial language of behaviors, which communicate meaning and provide a message on which evaluations are based. This language is non-verbal and has abundant importance in every interpersonal relationship. Non-verbal communication invariably and involuntarily takes place between two people when they face each other.Gabbot & Hogg classify non-verbal communication into four broad categories proxemics (use of personal situation and distance), kinesics (body postures and movements), oculesics (eye contact, gaze and movement), and vocalics (vocal tone and intonation). All these forms of non-verbal communication convey meanings which need to be interpreted during an exchange.Body language is a crucial communication tool, yet few people are well-versed in it. It has a remarkable impact on peoples perception even before we speak. It generates physical and emotional responses to people and situations in life. According to Ray Birdswhistell, professor of research in anthropology at Temple University and author of many books on body language, 65 to 90 percent of every conversation is interpreted

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Research Paper - 4

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Research Paper Example52).). Delaney clause on the other go by states that carcinogenic in food is unacceptable. Through this it protects public health and especially children who are vulnerable. However, every alternating(a) to Delaney incorporates some chance assessment which defines certain trains of acceptable risks.Delaney clause is subject to some limitations in prioritizing the level of risk management for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. One of the problems is that it does not take into account the exact risk that a carcinogenic substance ass pose once consumed (Dickey, p. 42). This is because the analytical chemistry has been improved and can spy even smaller quantities of chemicals as chemicals have become widely used nowadays. Regulatory agencies are olibanum faced with difficulties in trying to administer Delaneys article because it applies to quantities used in large amounts and can easily be detected. The Food and Drug A dministration (FDA) confronted this problem by using quantitative risk assessment and set a standard known as de minis, which held that risk was negligible if a carcinogenic food additive was concentrated at less than 1part in 1,000,000 (Dickey, p. 45).The issue regarding pesticides use for which Delaneys Clause prohibited also had limitations. This is found in section 409 and it poses difficulties to those agencies which has the mandate to regulate pesticides (Shimada and Fujii-Kuriyama, p. 71). Agencies like Federal insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) conflicts with Delaneys Clause because they permission the sale of pesticides and most probably if they are of more benefit to the country than the risk they pose. This is contrary to Delaneys Clause which does not take into account the risk-benefit analysis but have a clear shutdown that if the pesticide in a food additive is evident to cause cancer inhuman being or in animals then it should

Crtical analysis in economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Crtical analysis in economics - Assignment subjectThe author puts benefit to the fact that taxing junk intellectual nourishment would indeed burn the rates of obesity, just now he questions the duration it will let to see the positive effects. The author then comes up with a number of flaws that in his view would need to be put to consideration before implementing such policies. gibe to the article taxing junk food raises questions like what exactly needs to be taxed, and how long it would take to see either results. It as well raises the possibility of increasing the number of obesity cases, as opposed to reducing them. The author then argues that there is the need to confirm if there is a relationship between obesity and the junk food or else the policy may fail. According to the author, obesity can be connect to lack of exercise such that if people spend more time looking for healthy foods then there will be no time for exercise hence leading to increase in obesity cases .1The article also touches on accessibility of fresh foods especially by the poor citizens. It also talks about the fact that citizens may not be affected by the prices and will go forward to buy junk food all the same. The reasoning behind taxation on junk food focuses on the assumption that it will deter people from buying it and if they do then it will explode the economic costs of managing diseases caused by these unhealthy foods. The main conditions in this case are obesity which relates to in high spirits blood pressure and other coronary diseases.The Economist agrees that indeed a tax on calories would shrivel up cases of obesity. However, the effect would be realized over long periods of time say 20-30 years. He gets support from Brownell, Farley et al. who confirm that tax on sugar-sweetened beverages could reduce their consumption by around 25% and would in return reduce the cost of healthcare for obesity and overweight diseases.The Economist then goes further to analy ze whether there is any relationship between intake of junk food and obesity by asking

Protection of vulnerable people (ADULT WITH DEMENTIA) Essay

justification of vulnerable people (ADULT WITH DEMENTIA) - Essay ExampleBeing a adept affable disability, adults suffering from derangement calculate many challenge in their routine life particularly learning disabilities. These adults ar a lot abused at different intervals of life. This paper aims to highlight the abuses and challenges faced by adults with dementia. Moreover, the will provide methods through which the vulnerability of these adults can be reduced. The paper will also discuss laws and policies that safeguards adults with dementia. Background One of the serious health problems faced by adults across the world, particularly the UK is Dementia. This is because of certain factors. One chief reason is that the aging of people in the UK is increasing. For this reason, adults that ar diagnosed with Dementia in UK are increasing every year. The term Dementia is originally a Latin word which means irrationality De means without and mens means take heed, and then it illustrates that without mind (Adams & Manthorpe, 2003). Previously unimpaired people can also undergo dementia. It is a progressive encephalon dysfunction in which the person faces long term decline in his mental capabilities. The chief cognitive regions of the brain affected by Dementia include memory, attention, language and problem solving which makes it difficult for the person to fulfil various tasks. If these dysfunctions stays or are present for more than 6 months, then it is in autocratic support for the diagnosis of dementia (Hughes, et al., 2006). Dementia is a growing disease in the UK. Many adults are facing challenges to continue their routine life normally and are abused at different points because of this mental disorder. Moreover, adults diagnosed with dementia also face some financial challenges that do not allow them to treat their sickness, thus increasing the problems. The government of United Kingdom has set some laws and policies for patients with menta l sickness. This is to ensure that those diagnosed with mental dysfunctions are getting proper treatment and are able to continue their life. Moreover, adults who are diagnosed with dementia also face learning disability issues (Keady & Harris, 2013). Body Abuses / Challenges Faced by Adults with Dementia To designation there are a number of abuses and challenges that are faced by adults with Dementia. These challenges vary from person to person. According to a report conducted by Kings College London and Alzheimers society stated that it is estimated that by 2025 as many as one meg people will have dementia in UK. This is a serious issue which raises many new(prenominal) problems for the adults making them vulnerable towards life (Alzheimers Society, 2013). People have not understood dementia completely, thus they are not able to offer this disease a comprehensive reaction. For this reason, dementia adds to the miseries of adults. Where on one legislate these adults find it har d to cope-up with their daily tasks, the disease and other factors in a variety of ways oftentimes abuse them. It is already discussed above that adults with dementia face issues with memory this illustrates that they have problems remembering their name, the day, week, and month in short they are not able to recall anything properly. This can be explained with the help of few examples. Imagine, you heat up one morning and you are not able to recognize the person or his name that is lying next to you. This gets even worse when you look at your siblings and other family members and asks

Feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Feedback - Essay archetypend of the first post student kind work should demonstrate effective use of knowledge, skills and loading to core values in social work in a given setting in predominantly less(prenominal) convoluted situations, with supervision and support. They will view demonstrated capacity to work with mickle and situations where there may not be simple clear-cut solutions.By the end of last placement student social workers should have demonstrated the knowledge, skills and values to work with a range of user groups, and the force to undertake a range of problems at a foundation level, the capacity to work with more complex situations they should be able to work more autonomously, whilst recognising that the final decision will still rest with their executive program they will seek appropriate support and supervision.Mimi instructed the children with clarity about the activity and how to care for it afterwards (name and drawing instruction on the plastic cup) she displayed patience when reminding the children how much water/seeds where needed. Even after they had completed the task (wanted more seeds) an understanding of the differences in age and ability was reflected in her approach giving me or less where necessary.Mimi respected the children wishes by allowing then not to participate if they didnt want to, health and safety was adhered to by Mimi ensuring that hands where washed after the activity and area was swept clean and all traces of debris cleared.I would consider the feedback given by the professional as an apt assessment of my engagement in social work activity without my placement period. Indeed, I concur that the instructor guided me well through the activities. We held several ratiocination meetings with the qualified social worker, and I must confess it was quite intimate. Never have I engaged a qualified person in his/her field in a close discussion. I would confess it was the first time. Nevertheless, I composed mys elf and managed to participate objectively

What is the best way to give charity in Kuwait Essay

What is the best way to give beneficence in Kuwait - Essay ExampleCharity is not mentioned only for the adults, it can be do by anyone willing to do so. Younger generation can also took part in benevolence measures by donating blood and visiting the patients in misery. Charity through Zakat is one of the five obligations from God exposit under the Islamic Law. The best way to give charity is through Zakat House.I started learning about the Red Crescent from the official website of KRCS Kuwait Red Crescent Society website and brochure. Its a private organization founded by the Kuwait Muslims to protect the needy and ensure their health and peace. It was founded on January 10, 1966 in Kuwait and its a branch of the International Red Crescent Society. The Red Crescent receives everything like money, clothes, gold and even medicines from major(ip) hospitals around the world. They use these resources to meet any catastrophe. Its main objective is to achieve the principles of the Inte rnational Red loan-blend and Red Crescent Societies in Kuwait and abroad based on Geneva Convention and its accessory protocols. The Red Crescent also aims at achieving social and medical welfare for all needy great deal and to provide help, first aid and rescue operations during crisis caused by natural or human disasters. Its kitchen range includes the distribution of the above said donations to the needy or for regular visits to care centers and patients in hospitals. The Society has an use in the Central Prison that used to have regular checks on the health conditions of the prisoners and their needs in order so as to help the families of the needy ones by donating food with the help of the administration of the prison. Balsam proposal was a charity program initiated on 1st June ,1996. The project succeeded by counting on the donations of the particular coins given by passengers on board of Kuwait Airways flights and deposited at the KRCS account at the bank. This project

Legal Brief Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Brief - Essay Example(US reputation, 1st Amendment) Art 1 of the New Jersey Constitution 1947 likewise forbids the establishment of one religious sect in pick to another. (New Jersey Constitution 1947, Article 1) Article 1 also forbids requiring a religious or racial testas a qualification for any office or humans trust. (New Jersey Constitution 1947, Article 1)The main issue with respect to these provisions was whether or not the New Jersey public school districts educational policy as practiced with the display of secular and non-secular holidays on its school calenders offended these Establishment Clauses. Preliminary issues resolved before proceeding with the main issue include standing and ripeness. In other words the defendant School Board challenged the various defendants rights to pursue the carry through and whether or not the action contained a triable issue under the Constitutional clauses it was brought under.On the preliminary issues the court command that the since the educational policy had already been instituted the Constitutional issue was triable and therefore the action contained the necessary ripeness for adjudication. (Clever v red-faced Hill Board of Education, 1993) As for the issue of standing the court ruled that parents of children who were students in the school district had perhaps the greatest interests in the adjudication of the issues than anyone else. The parents would therefore remain parties to the aciton. (Clever v Cherry Hill Board of Education, 1993) The plaintiff Clever would also survive the challenge to standing since the court effectuate that he had property in the area and was a taxpayer. Clevers tax money was employ to fund the school district thereby giving him an interest in the educational policy presently before the court. (Clever v Cherry Hill Board of Education, 1993)Christmas and Chanukah are celebrated as cultural and case holidays

Severity of Sanctions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Severity of Sanctions - Essay ExampleThe implications of these two philosophies are quite different. retaliation focuses on the criminals behaviour and stresses the need to punish him in proportion to the extent of damages caused or neediness suffered. Conversely, the utilitarian stance focuses, not on the criminal, but on society as a satisfying with an aim at reducing crime and thereby ensuring the safety of society.Whilst both of these models are described in their pure theoretical form, in reality most cultures adopt a blended version of both. However, originally we begin to fully examine the forcefulness of deterrence, an understanding of it is necessary. There are two types of deterrence full general and circumstantial. Specific deterrence is aimed at eliminating the approaching criminal activity of the person being incarcerated or penalize in order to avoid future penalization for repeating a similar crime whilst general deterrences goal is reducing crime unilaterall y by stopping others from committing like crimes for fear of receiving like punishment (Palmer 2005, p. 25). While it is impossible to argue that capital punishment is not a totally effective factor of ensuring specific deterrence, its effectiveness as a deterrent to others is not so definitive. This leads us to the debate of the gracelessness of sentencing and its personal effects on deterring criminal behaviour.Feinberg views punishment i... Instead of acting as a deterrent to preventing future criminal activity sentencing is merely a punishment and has nothing to do with deterring crime rather its effectiveness as a specific deterrent only lasts as long as the prison judgment of conviction itself. In his explanation of the phenomenon of punishment Feinberg statesPunishment is a conventional device for the expression of attitudes of resentment and indignation, and of judgments of denunciation and reprobation, on the part either of the punishing authority himself or of those in whose name the punishment is inflicted. Punishment, in short, has a emblematic significance largely missing from other kinds of penalties (1994, p. 74).He elaborates in greater detail by stating that greater than disapproval, punishment is, in effect, societys method of getting back at criminals and further showing its vindictive resentment (1994, p. 76). From his position it is suck in that criminal sentencing is not deterrent in intent rather it is retributive in nature.Von Hirsh and Ashworth take a similar stance but further elaborate on what they view to be the causal effects of this vindictive resentment. In their theory politicians use the publics fear of crime and criminals to create a heightened state of panic amongst the public. With this change magnitude sense of fear and outrage the brunt of the retributive wrath falls upon those least able to defend themselves. clearly seeking neither retribution nor deterrence, the political overtones and the media frenzy caused re sults in a public outcry for justice. As public sentiment grows more fearful and resentful, the severity of punishment rises proportionally. The sentence no longer deals with the specific nature or severity crime itself, but rather focuses

World History The Eugenics Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

World floor The Eugenics Debate - Essay ExampleThis brief essay will attempt to examine Millers description of genic inheritance in criminality, poverty and intelligence, considering if this is good reasoning consider whether his strategies for limiting undesirable births is practical ask at the position of eugenics in economics and democracy and calculate whether these elements combined make eugenics practical in a modern society.Considering the role of genes in criminality, poverty and intelligence in Millers essay. Any policy which argues for the reintroduction of eugenics must base its arguments upon the genetic factors which influence behaviour. In his essay, Dr Miller argues that there is a strong genetic component in both(prenominal) criminality and those who live below the poverty line. However, while he makes a small amount of dwell for the theory that environmental influences may also have a strong impact upon behaviour and intelligence. He chooses to point at adoptio n and twin studies to demonstrate that there is a strong link in the midst of genes and criminality, poverty and intelligence.

Analyzing MacDonalds and Aircel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Analyzing MacDonalds and Aircel - Essay ExampleThe first case is about the make-up and expansion strategies of McDonalds in France. The companys first restaurant was established in the estate in the year 1979 in Strasbourg. Since then the company has been continuing to expand its operations steadily by the provision of the best quality of function and value to the customers. For the company which is based in the US, France has demonstrated the highest grocery store growth with the establishment of 1161 numbers of restaurants in 2009. This was possible despite the numerous cultural differences existing amidst the two nations. The US entry into the French market was perceived as an invasion of American conclusion into the country which was itself known for its huge cultural heritage and traditions (ICMR, 2011). The theories which would be focused at for discussing the strategies of the company argon Geert Hoftsedes cultural dimensions. The next case would discuss the details of Aircels promotional strategy. This strategy was launched in the year 1999 by the India based mobile operator Aircel. Aircel made entry into the highly competitive Indian market in the year 1999. Innovation formed the key component of its branding strategy. It communicated and connected with its customers employ the simplest and the most thoughtful advertizing campaigns. The case tries to discuss the various selling strategies that were undertaken by the company for its late(a) entry into the Indian market and for increasing and expanding its subscriber base. It was one of first telecom operators to be advertising on Face book. The various promotional strategies undertaken by the company would be discussed in the project. The promotional services using the television media, print media and the internet would be discussed in details in the project. Critical news of theories Recent research has demonstrated the effect of cultural differences on consumer behaviour. Many studies dr ive emphasized on highlighting the need for examining the validity of application of inferences which were developed in America for the designing and development of market strategies in other nations. A number of US based multinational companies like IBM, Coca-Cola McDonalds have been successfully earning significant revenue from their international operations a bulls eye the globe. Thus the development of the different marketing strategies which remain sensitive towards the cultural differences across nations are considered to be of paramount importance for organizations have cross border operations and for their international success (Canli & Maheswaran, 2000, p.309). Previous research has thrown light on the item that products and services from nations having favourable perceptions have been provided with positive evaluations. However, despite the above fact a survey which was conducted by Bozell-Gallup, (1996), showed that satisfying differences in perceptions prevailed amon g the different nations. For example, according to the perception of Europe, Germany was chosen as the leader of quality. On the other hand for the Asian countries, Japan is considered to be a leader in quality. Despite the existence of substantial literature about nations of origin effects, an examination based on theoretical framework for the understanding of the effects of origin of countries across is still lacking. The collectivism/individualism framework has provided an important way of measuring and comparison the differences in cultures across nations. Collectivists and individualists have shown considerable

The Incredible India Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Incredible India - Research written report ExampleIt is also a province where marriage and family are regarded almost as a exigency for a full and happy life. Please join me in attempting to scratch the surface of the seventh largest artless in the world, as together we uncover exciting facts about the country and the batch that live in spite of appearance it. The Incredible India Introduction India, once a colony under the rule of Great Britain, is to daytime an autarkical country with its own government, society, and culture. It is the seventh largest country in the world and in 2005 claimed the feat of being the punt highest in population (Daniel, 2005). To the world, it is officially known as the Republic of India (Daniel, 2005). It also has two other name calling including Bharat from the Sanskrit language as well as Hindustan, a name given by the Persians meaning people living near the river Indus (Daniel, 2005). To the people of the country, it is simply called In dia (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). It has six border countries, including Nepal, Burma, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, and China, some of which were formerly factor of what was known as the colony of British India (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). ... gh India achieved its independence on the 15th of August 1947 after(prenominal) a very long struggle, the last of the British troops did not leave until 1950 (Daniel, 2005). Until its independence in 1947, the present day neighbors of Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar were all a part of what was known as British India that included what is today the country of India, and were ruled under the concept of divide and rule, which split the areas into many different communities and offered perfectly no sense of nationalism whatsoever (Daniel, 2005).When it became clear that the British were going to leave, India demanded to be made into assure states that each reflected their own religious and political beliefs (Daniel, 2005). Th e problem was finally solved when two nations were created, India and Pakistan, which continue to this day (Daniel, 2005). India, like many other countries, also had their detonator moved by their imperial rulers. The former capital of India was Kolkata (Calcutta), situated in the east of India (Wright, 2011). However, in 1911, a letter was written by the Viceroy of the country under British rule that endorsed the idea of moving the capital to New Delhi (Wright, 2011). Among the reasons given was that, due to the Morley-Minto reforms, the Indian people were allowed to hold legislative positions (Wright, 2011). This fact meant that a more central capital was needed (Wright, 2011). However, after part the scenes, a storm was brewing, and the movement to give India its independence had gained strength, most notably in Calcutta (Wright, 2011). It was felt that a more hospitable and new city was needed in order to protect the sanctity of the rule, and then the capital was moved to New Delhi (Wright, 2011). The city was built for the purpose of holding

Customer contact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Customer data link - Essay ExampleSince customer contact employees are the front-liners in every origin experience, they should have the qualities which foot help ensure the retention of old customers and attraction of new unitys. According to DMG Consultancy LLC, customer contact agents should indicate service excellence apply in-depth product, procedure and system knowledge to produce optimal outcomes and process large(p) oral, written and interpersonal skills. In order to give excellent service, an employee must know the basics of his travail such as job descriptions, extent and limitations of his jurisdiction and other important matters. The contact center is a critical area where the customers experience and attitude towards the company are developed (Prunty & Pritchard).Therefore, one should be learn for him to be able to properly and efficiently perform his duties for a highly sufficient service. It is not enough that an employee knows the primary information about company and his responsibilities but one should also scan the customers because a problem is created when contact centers take action without really understanding their customers (Prunty, et.al.).In addition, applying in-depth product, procedure and system knowledge cannot simply be done by informing an employee about them. He should be trained to perform such duties so that he will not waste his time experimenting on what must be done and perhaps during the process, jeopardize the business. The customer contact employee has the power to make a business a failure or success (DMG Consultancy, Prunty, et.al.) depending on ones training or the overlook of it. Training employees give them a well-defined description of their tasks, empowering them to achieve gains for the organization and customers (Blancero & Johnson). It must be remark that in the world of business, more and

Voyage Calculation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Voyage Calculation - Research Paper ExampleThe distances and the tons of each port wine let been used from internet sources. Where required the original sources have been given ascribe and logical formulae have been applied to arrive at the respective calculations.Tasks I. Maximum Coal Capacity1. Maximum total of constrict ore that can be carried from Gladstone to Karachi.2. Maximum quantity of Iron ore that can be carried from Newstone to Karachi.3. Maximum quantity of Iron ore that can be carried from Hampton Roads to Karachi.II. Cost per TonnageThe cost per thymine of cargo for a round transit from Port Gladstone to Karachi is USD 23.58 per tonnes of cargo. The cost per tonne of cargo for a round voyage from Port Newcastle to Karachi is USD 23.58 per tonnes of cargo. The cost per tonne of cargo for a round voyage from Hampton Roads to Karachi is USD 23.58 per tonnes of cargo.The cost per tonne of cargo for a round voyage from Port Roberts Bank to Karachi is USD 23.58 per t onnes of cargo.Additional notes Allow two eld for leeway per voyage for the whole trip.Allow 1 daylight for transiting the Suez canal.Allow half a day for bunkering in Gibraltar and in Suez.Gibraltar Bunker prices (Petromedia Ltd, 2009).Distances argon obtained from Reeds Marine Distance Tables (Caney & Reynolds, 2000).Suez Canal transit cost (Leth agencies, 2009). 3 - Number of Shipments and ship speeda. Gladstone to KarachiThere will be 3 shipments needed to deportation coal from Gladstone to Karachi.The vessel will not be fully loaded on its utmost voyage.b. Newcastle to KarachiThere will be 5 shipments needed to transport coal from Newcastle to Karachi.The vessel will not be fully loaded on its last voyage.c. Hampton Roads to KarachiThere will be 5 shipments...The report will be covering the following aspectsIt is necessary to understand that the contents of the report are based on a values that have been gathitherd from secondary research over the internet. The distances a nd the loads of each port have been used from internet sources. Where required the original sources have been given credit and logical formulae have been applied to arrive at the respective calculations.It is very much possible that there will be pre-monsoon and summer rains that can affect the course and speed of the vessels. Thus, allowance in the cost has to be made for such stoppages and slowdowns.

The Classical empires such as Han China Essay Example for Free

The Classical empires such as Han mainland China EssayThe Classical empires such as Han China of 206 BCE 220 CE and Rome of 31 BCE 476 CE had similar and different means of imperial administration. both empires center on maintaing a bureacracy in addition a centralized administration. However they both differed in their resistence to g all overn. up to now both empires were successful.Both Han China and Imperial Rome were controlled beneath one leader. The leader of the Han dynasty had the general power, still he started districts ruled by officers. The emperor also used confucianism as a method to see to it people to become educated bureaucrats. These individuals would then be enforced to his policies. Although, the ruler of Imperial Rome sight a monarchy, disguised as a Republic, so that he could maintain complete control over his citizens. This allowed the citizens to feel as if they were contributing to government, and also enable the emperor to maintain control over his empire.Both societies also created a lot of centralized governments by developing large expanses of roads to promote trade, as well as imposing taxes to stimulate economic prosperity. Han China and Imperial Rome also cherished to expand the borders of their empires through imperial growth. Han China invaded territories in central and east Asia. Imperial Rome alike conquered all of the Mediterranean area. both empires had vast armies to manage and conquer new territories and the ones and therefore the prepared had at bottom their grasp. However, in contrast to Han China, Rome was very tolerant and fair to its new conquered territories by allowing them freedoms and exemption from taxes.

The Medici’s and their Art Essay Example for Free

The Medicis and their Art EssayThe Santa m atomic number 18 basilica frontlet resembles something out of the Arabian Nights. It is one of the most recognisable and authentic of the coarse basilicas in Florence. The basilica in addition houses some of the most important works of wile in Florentine history. It attempts supra alone to effect a relationship between science and art and in so doing, functions the essence of Renaissance thought. equal many Renaissance and post Renaissance works in Florence, the Santa Maria Basilica or Basilica di santa Maria Novella was non only a product of intense esthetic change, scarce to a fault a product of one of the most important family cartels in workmanic history. The c exclusively forth Medici is one that is interchangeable with gracious buildings and immaculate architecture, as well as large amounts of money. When considering the Medici family, it must borne in mind that not only were they outstanding architects and patrons, only when they to a fault had great power within the church. In fact the Medici family had more influence on most aspects of Florentine life, than any other family. They were and remain in history, the Renaissance indication of the Rothchilds, Rockerfellers and Gettys.This enigmatic family is one whose bequest dust in art history, not because of what they created, yet because of what they encouraged. Who were the Medici? In tell apart to better understand how and wherefore the Medici family became so influential, we need to understand where they came from and what their social standing every last(predicate)owed them to achieve. The Medici family is associated with great wealth, moreover likewise with some controversy. The Medici family can be traced back to the 12th century and were not seen to be nobility but rather belonged to a line of the patrician class (Van Helden).By the 13th century the family had acquired great wealth through commerce and cussing, something that leant itself to political power. Eventually the Medici family became a strong political force in Florence (Van Helden). This political power led to Salvestro deMedici moving into high ceremonial office (otherwise catchn as gonfaliere). Salvestro, in the 14th century led a revolt with the common people, ultimately culminating in the Medici downfall. It was Giovanni di Bicci deMedici who restored the family name to its salmagundier glory as well as even increasing their political prowess (Van Helden). scorn this historical discussion, there was of course, a line Medicis with whom we are specifically concerned. It was Giovannis son who outwear the children with whom the Renaissance is associated (Van Helden). It was also this family line in which murder would become a central interest. Guiliano and Lorenzo, the grandsons of Cosimo the elder and sons of Piero were killed and injure respectively during an internal battle (Van Helden). The Medici family crest is recognisable whereve r the Medici influence reaches.Among the distinguished Medicis are Popes and awful Dukes, meaning that the family as a whole stretched beyond simply the commercial and financial world. These were the Grand Dukes of Tuscany and to name but a few consisted of Cosimo I, Giovanni and Pietro. The Medici Popes included Clement VII and Leo X (Wikipedia). Indeed, to warrant a more involved discussion will be beyond the scope of this discussion and to this final stage is far too complicated. However, certain Medici members were of greater influence in the art world than others.The Legacy of the Medici The legacy of the Medici family is well known and remembered particularly collect to their rise from ordinary or patricians to nobility. possibly most distinctly of all, we see them as the creators who planted the seeds of unexampledity during a Renaissance that proved irrevocable in its changes. In fact the Renaissance as such appears to be less as the transition or revival of a dista nt and glorious antiquity than as the origin and beginning of the modern world, the prototype of modern European civilisation. (Garraty and Gay, 488).The Renaissance was not merely about the production and emancipation of art, but also about the creation of a modernised medicine, science and finance. The Medici were at the forefront of all three, with the Medici bank cleverly avoiding the fall of the economy following the Black Death (Garraty and Gay, 489). So far, we are able to arrest that the Medici were a family of great political and economic concern but that the types of Medici also included clergymen, tyrants and nobility. We also know that with the amount of money available to the Medici, patronage was not only acceptable but expected.The legacy go away by the Medici is not only financial and noble, but also available to us for viewing at any time we want. Patronage To be a patron of a specific form of art or indeed, any art, meant that you had great social standing and gr eat wealth. To commission works of art was dearly-won and time consuming, meaning that you were not only able to appreciate it, but that you could also afford current work. Patronage was an important part of Italian Renaissance life, based on the societal norms and values.To patronise a residential district or an artist meant that you were not only gracious but also wealthy sufficient to put money into something that essentially did not create more wealth for you. Was this merely a posture symbol or was there more to the practice of patronage than we believe at this stage? kickoff of all, patronage included the embellishment and growth of public buildings and artefacts (Annenberg Media). Art during the Renaissance required the outside and the intimate to both resemble works of art in different mediums.Brunelleschi and Botticelli were two of the best known artists patronized by the Medici and who uphold the proposition of art as an interior and an exterior (Anneberg Media). Th e Medici remained the forerunners of artistic patronage in the main because of their love of the extravagant and larger than life lifestyles (Harness). I can thus, given their humble beginnings, understand why the Medici might want to share their wealth with the rest of the world by virtue of creating beautiful surroundings that the public could also enjoy.Although this may be difficult to assimilate given the previous feudal system, it is by chance relevant to note that the Black Death incited what is known today as philanthropy. Philanthropists generally enjoy alleviating anguish and suffering through the aid that they are able to meter out to their fellow humans. Prior to the Renaissance, this was perchance not a common occurrence, but like AIDS today, the Black Death knew no boundaries. It touched whoever, wherever. For this reason, perhaps it became more necessary to attend to the needs of other people.It was also important to the merchant community of Florence, to spread the education of art, science and mathematics (Harness). Hence the saying that knowledge is power comes to mind. It is also notable, that a patron becomes more politically popular if they uphold the growth of knowledge for their minions as well as providing an income for those who would largely find their career difficult to pursue. The purpose of this civic duty became, although not perhaps ab initio intended to, a political tool to declare oneself trust between the civil servant and the establishment (Trexler, 27).In a sense, it was meant to bridge the gap of inequality but was not altogether successful, creating a great deal of stress for the patron (Trexler, 28). This sub-governmental system was the patronage network, the everyday lines of communication regulating social relations. In this network, as in formal government, men styled themselves each others true amici, and despised the love of the merchant You admirer me, and Ill help you. (Trexler, 27-28). The Medici Crest A bove on Figure 1 is a basic furnish of the Medici family crest.It shows six balls of red placed in an oval shape upon a mustard yellow background. The Medici balls as they became sarcastically known as were not only a feature em weapons systemed on all Medici buildings, but also one that became known for its overt publicity. Rivals of the Medici were outraged at the Medici blazon existence so clearly visible to the public and thought it to be in rather bad taste (Fillipo). Despite this, the blazons origin is surrounded by much debate although it is clearly visible on all Medici buildings.One thought on the origin is that the balls represent either coins (merchant origins) or pills (medical origins) based on the Medici practices and occupations. whatsoever believe that rather than it being swathed in apothecary history, it is the sign of Arte del Cambio, a guild of moneychangers and exchangers (Fillipo). Nonetheless, this blazon has become well known as the essential historical be ginnings of the merchant bank. Below is an example of how the Medici blazon is utilize on buildings that were built on Medici money. The Medici Artists Artists who were frequent by the Medici included the aforementioned Sandro Botticelli and Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, Donatello, Fillipino Lippi, Domenico Ghirlandaio and Brunelleschi. These all make up some of the greatest names in Florentine art history. It pays to note that all of the above artists were great names and we need to not how much of this greatness might have been due to the presence of the Medici. Fillipo Brunelleschi Fillipo Brunelleschi had a love-hate relationship with Cosimo deMedici, despite completing many works with the man.Brunelleschi, along with artist Ghiberti vied for the artistic attentions of Cosimo, but did not always win the bids. He created for Cosimo, the Santa Maria Novella sculpture, the Crucifix and the Santa Maria del Fiore cupola aboard arch-rival Ghiberti. His bid for the design of the Pallazzo was overturned in favour of his pupil Michelozzo (Provincia di Firenze). Allesandro Botticelli Botticelli served as an apprentice to a goldworker and is thought to have become the come togetherst of all artists to the Medici (Pottinger, 118).Botticelli is famed as having painted the interior of the Santa Maria Novella with a fresco of the Adoration of the Magi, in which he painted three Medicis as the Kings Cosimo, Guiliano and Giovanni (Pottinger, 118). However, his relationship with the Medici was not with Cosimo, but with Lorenzo, a member of a different branch of the Medici (Pottinger, 118). Michelangelo and Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo Da Vinci was supported by Lorenzo in his early career, although it is largely agreed that Medici neglected the talents of the green Da Vinci (Pottinger, 119).Michelangelo, similarly fell under the patronage of Medici, given his tutorship with another Medici artist Ghirlandaio (Pottinger, 119). Medici consequently did support the earlie r careers of the two geniuses that would become the greatest artists of the later Renaissance period. Domenico Ghirlandaio Ghirlandaio is best known as the first of Michelangelos esteemed teachers. He also became known, like Botticelli, for his reverence towards Lorenzo. This was seen in his subjects likenesses to the man who patronised him (Pottinger, 117). The Refectory of the Ognissanti shows a fresco of the Last Supper with such likenesses present.The Sassetti Chapel at Santa Trinita also reveals this portraiture although his painting remains in the earlier style of Renaissance painting. Ghirlandaio did not enjoy painting women and found the male form far more intriguing. This is seen in the Santa Maria Novella choir paintings of the Tornabuani family, where the female features, though still beautiful, are considered lifeless (Pottinger, 117). Fillipino Lippi Lippi was one of Botticellis proteges and shows the style of Botticelli very well. Working primarily for Cosimo, Lippi la nded himself in a number of problems due to his insatiable appetite for the gentler sex.In fact, working for Cosimo meant that commissions had to be done under the merry eye of the Medici to prevent his romantic pursuits that led to melancholic intervals where he refused to leave his room (Life of an Artist). Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi (Donatello) Donatello was a close friend of Cosimo deMedici and for this reason he was assigned the painting of the frieze in the Palazzo Medici (Pottinger, 132). He recreated the antique cameos to provide a divine and luscious frieze and roundels (Pottinger, 132).He apprenticed under Ghiberti, another famous and interactive artist in the Italian Renaissance. Donatello sculpted the figure of the dead pirate Baldassare Cossa in bronze, for Cosimo (Devillier Donegan). What we have in the above discussion, is a list of some of the finest artists not only of the Renaissance, but of all time. The pertinence of this is the reach that the Medici had a s the proponents of fine art. The abovementioned artists are all quite different both in character and in style, but all contributed to some of the most famous and revered works in history.It is notable that the Medici are attribute with finding and upholding this classicism as well as reaching for a new and modernised world. The artists also all contributed to the arts in different ways sculptors, painters, inventors and architects. Medici Buildings Touring Florence, I became irrevocably aware of the influence of the Medici on architecture and art of that period. What is most fascinating is the length and breadth of the ability of the Medici to make them memorable and also to make art something of great value. The crest of the Medici is visible all around Florence, in churches, libraries and museums.The Medici performed the same tasks as other great personalities such as Peter the Great of Russia and the Athens of Pericles. It was this influence that I find beyond all, that this family had the ability and the motivation to create a Florence that would last it must be said, longer than the previously mentioned empires. Not only have they succeeded in producing the future and the past in one capsule, but they have also managed to preserve their legacy. We have a lot to be grateful for in terms of being able to make contact with our past through the works that the Medici sponsored.

A Clockwork Orange Essay Example for Free

A Clockwork Orange EssayI chose for my text transformation to use the base text A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess. This novel concerned me because of its individual language of Nadsat, a form of receive created by Burgess for gangs of knock- pop up-and-drag-out English teenagers. The slang serves a serious purpose, which is too keep the violence of the protagonist from becoming unbearable to its reader, keeping the language partly veiled, for example making gratizny bratchny sound more pleasant than its meaning dirty bastard.It is important to ready that its audience of the 60s have not yet become subject to such violence and despair explored in the novel. So what have I done? I have taken four characters from the novel (Alexs parents, Alex and the schoolmaster) and displace them into The Jerry Springer manoeuver, creating a parody of the show. I have given Alexs parents the call of Janet and Derek and looked at their perspective of Alexs violent activities. As I woul d chronologically slot the show in just before the police understand him, I have kept Alexs attitude of his enjoyment of violence.When the schoolmaster has been beaten up and staggers off, that is the destruction we have heard of him in the novel, I trenchant to give him a voice and see what he would have say about his attack. So why did I choose to do this? The Jerry Springer Show is a dysfunctional show and Alex is a dysfunctional character. Jerry Springers show is amoral TV it is outrageous, shocking, scandalous and hilarious. The show has no limits. Nearly all stories have major big twists that unfold as more guests get called out.These guests a lot get violent and try to kick and punch other parties involved, whilst typically Jerry tries to redeem his guests. This is why I think it works well with the character of Alex and his behaviour seen in the novel. The novel represents the society in which Alex lives in as complete dystopian, dark and dismal, with no law and order. The Jerry Springer Show is a chat show, although it is precise staged with his agenda-setting questions and appearing guests, the show is almost entirely full of spontaneous speech.Therefore I decided to do a transcript version of the show, although obviously not true to its discourse as I would be giving the characters a voice as appose to spontaneous speech written down as it is heard. Jerry Springer, as an American, has his own geographical dialect. It was important to keep this as well as phrases individually the best audience and his own idiolect right, well, hey, so, to indicate his regional origin. Jerry has an informal register that check offs much ellipsis, such as youre singly the best and here cause you love.The graphology of the transformation is laid out in the convention of the transcript. The names of the characters have been placed on the left hand side indicating who is talking and to the right, is what is actually being said Alex are you saying do i enjoy lubbilu bbing with a devotchas Janet against their will alex against their will Alex not recently no em Sounds that are not fore grounded I have placed in italics for example, the audiences reactions to the quests comments (Audience boos loudly).As this is a transcript and not a play, I have not included stage directions or actions taken by the characters, as a recording of the show a transcript would only contain sounds heard on the recorder. The syntax of Alex and his friends, in the novel, is completely different to that of any other characters. The Nadsat slang has derived from legion(predicate) different language sources but many are Slavic in origin. A mixture of Russian and demotic English, with elements of rhyming slang and gypsy talk, O my brothers, as well as anglicized words and amputations em, pee.

Nursing Leadership Paper Essay Example for Free

Nursing Leadership Paper EssayThey have an open thought design, select menus, and our outside landscaping that allows their nonmigratorys to enjoy a comfortable setting during either their short or long term stay. Their care is directed by an interdisciplinary team of professionals that includes a Medical Director, be physicians, 24 hour licensed nurses, a dietary manager, activity director, social worker, and therapist for physical, occupational and dialect rehabilitation. At Park Manor, the goal is to provide the care and services to meet the physical, emotional and social inevitably of each of our residents. I got to work with the MDS nurse, an MDS nurse is the nurse in the long term care initiation who schedules and completes the RAI-Resident Assessment Instrument, a detailed assessment done at least quarterly on all(prenominal) nursing home resident. The MDS nurse is also usually responsible to coordinate the completion of the care plans for the resident based on the results of the assessment. We were collecting data from a whole bunch of sources from the nurses, aides, resident, families, doctors, progress notes, therapy notes, etc. and so we completed the paper/computer MDS form based on our complete assessment (using the data collected). A RUG score (or resource utilization grouper) score is generated based upon our answers which is apply to determine medicare/medicaide reimbursement rates for the facility. The MDS is used to create the care plan, determines reimbursement rates and determines quality measures/indicators per federal standards. State Surveyors pull these reports prior to inspection visits and to sack out who is losing weight and who may have pressure ulcers, etc.

Violent video games Essay Example for Free

hostile photo posts striveVideo violence is a major line in our nine. When people argon exposed to the ruby world of photo games, their perceptions of reality argon changed from a world with consequence, to a world where consequence does non matter. regular army Today Magazine states, that motion picture violence is a major comp championnt in the desensitization of mankind (Video violence desensitizes the brain, 2006). Exposing children to the repetitive violence in photo games serves as a conditioning for untrained behavior.Whether or non the allies of pictorial matter violence believe that exposure to fantastic games does not translate in a to a greater extent tempestuous society, teach motor skills and develop excellent enigma-solving skills (White, 2004), without look at the consequences of these games, our society is at risk for increased characterizations of violence. The history of video games It was not so long ago that the video game industry wa s not the billion dollar monster that it is today.The history of video games runs parallel with the information of computers and traces the advancements not only(prenominal) of technology, but similarly in the social and economical patterns of the United States over the fit quatern decades. The first video game was patented in 1948, by Thomas T. Goldsmith. The game utilise eight vacuum tubes to simulate a missile firing at a target, controlled by four knobs. By the 1970s arcade machines and handhelds were added to already existing computer systems.This was known as The Golden epoch of Arcade Games. Atari was founded in 1972. Pong, the first successful arcade game, consisted of hitting a ball across a fictitious tennis net. Pong sold 19,000 units the first year it was released. The evolution of games progressed, bringing more(prenominal) earthy prowess that appeargond to be life-like. The figures in the games movements seem like that of a human being. The three dimensiona l graphics created a simulated world much like that of today.In the games of today, Eakes (2004) states players actively participate in the simulated polish off of police officers, women, minorities and innocent bystanders. The acts graphically depicted and include victims being shot, bringen to death, decapitated, burned alive, and urinated on. These games also present favorable depictions of prostitution, racism, misogyny and drug use (Eakes, 2007). The days of simply hitting a piddling ball back and forth, where the only goal was to avoiding missing, are long g unity. Research in the world of violent Video Games.Video game violence effects the brain, not only by making murder or robbery seem acceptable, but as stated in, USA Today, also by effecting the regions in the brain that are involved with recognizing, remembering, rehearsing or activating aggressive behavior (Video violence desensitizes the brain, 2006). By repeatedly playing these games, the participant has lower-le vels of empathy. The brain stores e trulything, including the visions that are seen in some of the games. Some of the more violent games are conditioning the brain over and over with angry, vengeful images that encourage negative however prejudicial thoughts.A game on the market at this time is called Manhunt in which the player has to murder or beat the opponent to death. There is no consequence for the winner, only points and positive feedback. Until lately, violent video game inquiry has somely comprised of studies revolving around participants playing violent video games and then measuring the participants responses when the participant is placed in different real world situations. The new studies now include the use of highly sensitive symptomatic equipment such as MRI to measure effective responses in the brain.These studies are much harder to refute. A recent study now has found that exposure to video game violence results in diminished responses mentally to real life vi olence or death (Phillips, 2005). Participants brain waves were measured while playing violent videos using an EEG (electroencephalogram). The participants showed a desensitized view when shown violent or negative images. But when the players were subsequently tending(p) the opportunity to punish a fake opponent in another game, those with the greatest reduction in P300 brain responses meted out the most severe punishments (Phillips, 2005, para.7).Eakes,(2004) states the studies on the effects of violent video games, has long been a source of great debate. There has been over 3,500 research studies done examining the correlation between violence and violent behavior. All but 18 of the studies have shown that the more violence one sees, the more likely one is to be violent (Eakes, 2007, para. 5). This is particularly true be attain the violence in video games is so realistic and visualized without pain and suffering. Defenders of Video Violence.The violence in video games today is not seen as a problem for some people, especially those in the gaming industry and adolescents. heretofore though thither are transcendent amounts of research that supports the conclusion that violent video games cause aggression, their continued denial of these facts are due to one thing, money. There is billions of dollars at stake in the sales of video games and video game systems. To admit that video games do cause violence, could potentially cost the industry dearly.The arguments used by defenders of video violence are that these types of games are a meaningful form of expression. The defenders believe that video games teach motor skills and help children and teenage adults to solve problems. Having also been criticized for being a factor in the epidemic of childhood obesity, the defenders argue that playing games are highly social. The proponents assert that a child, who would respond to real life violence the same course he or she would respond to video violence, is emoti onally disturbed already (Jenkins, 2004).The military has been using video imagery for decades to train soldiers in the act of war. The soldiers skill in jibe improves as well as the actual response to violence. Just as simulators help train players for real-world tasks, violent video games coax players into actual aggression and antagonistic attitudes (Walsh, 2005, para. 38). With repeated participation in violent video games, players improve not only their violent techniques, but their mental attitudes as well. On the Armys recruiting website, there is a video game called, Americas Army.The game is available to everyone who logs on and is free. The game cost the military six million dollars to develop, and not only serves a recruiting technique, but also as a way to teach players how to actually fire a M16 rifle, toss grenades, and learn weapons identification. The game trains in various weaponry and teaches the player where to hit the intended victim to cause the most severe ou tcome. Effect of Violent Video Games Video games have become a provision ground for acquire how to shoot and murder.Many of these games reward the player for hitting the victim in the most deadly of places. In the world of interactive video games, players play games that are endless. They play with people who are trying to kill them. Sometimes, when confronted with real life problems of violence a child or young adult, entrust not seek out adult advice due to the thinking that they can handle on the problem on their own as in the video game. Children who view repeated violence are more apt to accept violence as a way to settle conflicts.On April 20, 1999, two to a great extent armed boys walked into their high school in Littleton, Colorado, and shot 12 of their classmates and a teacher to death. Then they killed themselves (Eakes, 2004). During the investigation, it was spy that these two boys played thousands of hours of violent shooting video games. The boys pasted the pictur es of their fellow classmates onto the games imaginary victims. maybe, this may not be the single reason these boys committed this horrific act of violence, but how can the hours spent rehearsing this act not be a factor?If nothing else, these games served as a training ground for the proceeding of the crime. Whether or not the boys were emotionally disturbed to begin with will be speculated upon for years but looking at the role these games played in this tragedy is essential. The use of violent video games has shown to have a negative effect on academic performance and social skills. Based on a fire up out of 189 high school students, users of violent video games held more pro-violent attitudes, more hostile personalities, were less forgiving, believed violence the norm, and behaved more aggressively in every day life.The researches were surprised the relation to violent video games was so fond (Anderson, 2007). Another issue of rising concern is regarding whether or not viol ent video games are addictive. On June 27, 2007 The American Medical Association called for more research in the designation of video games addiction a mental illness. The fact that a game is controlling someones behavior and taking over their daily lifes, is almost compulsive behavior. Some of the games are played in an online community, where the game is demanding of the players time.Once a child is hooked, it becomes very difficult, for them to stop (Walsh, 2007). Today in South Korea, which has seen a widespread amount of video game addiction, there are over 40 treatment programs to deal with video game and internet addiction. If the situation in South Korea is any indication of what is to come here, we will be largely unprepared for the number and fervor of cases of such addiction (Walsh, Gentile, 2006, para. 16). Attempting to control video game violence The Entertainment Software Rating display board (ESRB) is an organization that rates computer, internet, and video games. The ESRB was created in 1994 to rate and lierict the sale of video games. Many of these games, even though they are rated M for mature, are sold to children. The new trend in violent video games is to hide explicit square within the game to avoid receiving a rating for adults only. Much speculation and questions surround the creditability of the ESRB. Recently, a game named Grand Theft Auto San Andres, included sexually explicit material that could be accessed using a code found on the internet.This game already effective of violence, with the players shooting police officers, beating up prostitutes and carjacking, also had an added bonus with graphic sex scenes. This caused a scandal as the game was only rated M for mature. Before long, the so-called Hot Coffee scandal, named after the modification that unbolted the extreme scenes, became a hot news item the rating was changed to A for adults (Terdiman, 2005, para. 7). That was after thousands of copies had already been sold.E ven if the ratings alone were more reliable, it is almost impossible to enforce the rating system at the retail level. chance(a) underage children buy games rated for adults or over 17 in stores all over America. According to the federal official Trade Commission (FTC), Bureau of Consumer Protection head, Lydia Parnes, There are still too many kids acquire inappropriate games (Bangeman, 2006, para. 2). The commissions most recent study sent underage shoppers into stores and 42% were still able to corrupt M-rated games. What can be done about Video Game Violence?If there was ever any doubt about the impact of video games on children of video games on children it has finally been laid to rest (Walsh, Gentile, 2005, para. 39). Whether there is a rating given to the games or not, many times the people who are sell the games are not responsible enough to make sure that these violent games do not fall into the hands of children. Video games are most likely going to remain a part of ou r society, so it is going to be up to the parents of children and young adults to strictly monitor what their children are playing.First and foremost parents necessity to pay attention to the relevant research and the industry needs to stop denying research-based conclusions (Walsh, Gentile, 2006, para. 8). Once parents come to equipment casualty with what is at stake, they should start limiting game time and keep mature rated games away from their children. Parents should also take advantage to new technology for parental controls in many of the current game systems. Educating children as to the dangers of covering these games and being aware of what types of games they are being played will help to change the views on what is acceptable, and what is not.Perhaps the debate over whether or not violent video games cause violence will invariably be an issue. As long as there are billions of dollars at stake, clinical studies will be challenged, fingers pointed and denial will be u sed in the debate. One thing is for certain, video game violence does not add anything positive to the health and well-being of todays children or young adults. How can learning and practicing cleanup position or robbing people have a positive effect on the brain?Children are expenditure large amounts of time playing violent video games during a fragile time when they should be learning healthy ways of dealing with life and solving problems peacefully. When will society accept that the world is full of negativity and exposing children to repetitive acts of violence reinforces that negativity?Hopefully, the answer will be sooner than later for the sake of all humankind. References Anderson, C, Buckley, K, Gentile, D. (2006). Violent video game effect on children and adolescents. Iowa Oxford Press. Eakes, P.(2004). Do you know what video games your children are playing?The Video Game Revolution. Retrieved June 20, 2007 from http//www. pbs. com Jenkins, H. (2004). Reality bytes eig ht myths about video games rebunked. The Video Game Revolution. Retrieved June 28, 2007 from http//www. pbs. com Phillips, H. (2005, December). Violent video games alter brains response to violence. New Scientist. Retrieved June 9, 2007 from http//www. newscientist. com Terdiman, D. (2005).Unlevel playing field for video games. Retrieved June 29, 2007, from http//www.cnetnews. com Video violence desensitizes the brain. (2006, April). USA Today Magazine, 134(2731), 13-14. Retrieved June 3, 2007 from EBSCO database. Walsh, D. , Gentile, D. , Walsh, E. , Bennett, N. , Rodideau, B. , Walsh, M. , Strickland, S. , Mcfadden, D. (2005). Tenth annual video game report card. National Institute on Media and Family. Retrieved June 10, 2007 from http//www. mediafamily. org White, J. (2004, September). Defenders of the video game realm. Playthings, 102(8), 10-14. Retrieved ProQuest database.

Bret Harte Essay Example for Free

Bret Harte EssayThe get together States has some of the best publications that has ever been written. American literature is actu exclusivelyy well refined and queer from other countries. In the writing world, American literature has non even been around that ache. The past 337 days that America has been a country is relatively short compargond to the thousands of years that literature has existed. The some great American writers are what make American literature able to overcome its short lifespan and be wholeness of the greatest countries for literature in the world. From Washington Irving to Mark Twain, American authors are responsible for American literatures current amazing state. One certain author played an especially important quality in shaping a specific genre in American literature. Bret Harte is the man responsible for qualification the westward genre of literature popular. His stories are captivating. Bret Harte was able to contri hardlye to the rise of A merican literature by shaping the western genre so that other authors may adapt to his new style of writing, and by writing some of the most memorable stories of all time, such as The Outcasts of poker game Flat. Bret Harte was born in Albany, New York, on August 25, 1836. He was raised as mavin of his familys four children. Harte was truly ill from ages six to ten, which gave him free time for reading (Franks 829). This time for reading had a great tempt on Harte, giving him blocks for him to build on in his writing career. He was especially affected by the writings of British author Charles Dickens (Franks 829). His family was so wretched, that they were unable to afford for him to finish school (Franks 829). When his founding father died in 1845, Harte and his family moved to Brooklyn.When his mother became engaged again, he and his family moved to Oakland, where his mother was married. His family was still very poor though. These times of hardship were also very influenti al on his writing. He was able to understand unmanageable struggles, thus making the problems that his characters face in his stories more interesting. He connected with his characters in many ways when they would experience times of hardship. His time in Oakland is what make him such a great westward writer. It made writing ab step forward the Wild West natural for him.Harte then moved to Union, California, but was run out of town after publishing a newspaper composition about local white manpower slaughtering Indians. Harte married Anna Griswold, and they had four children together. They lived together in San Francisco, where Harte wrote most of his popular stories and became quite famous. During the height of his popularity, he sign-language(a) a contract with The Atlantic Monthly for $10,000 for 12 stories a year, the most money then offered to a U. S. writer (Hutchinsons). His fame led to his stories becoming even more popular, but it would also go to his head.The main g enre used in most of Hartes stories is the westward. According to The New Encyclopedia Britannica, the Western is defined as an original genre of novels and short stories, motion pictures, and television and radio shows that are station in the American West, usually in the period from the 1850s to the end of the nineteenth century, (598). An average Western story was about a cowboy fighting Indians or a sheriff catching a bad guy, but Harte made his special. Of those stories, one of the most popular is The Outcasts of Poker Flat. This story is about a group of deal who are kicked out of their town for being bad people. They set up camp together and essay to work with each other to stay alive. The group experiences many setbacks, including a member betraying them, a long snowstorm, and a shortage of food. While the reader watches the story unfold, he or she starts to see that these people really are not that bad, and perhaps they did not deserve this punishment. This story is ver y different from the traditional Western stories.In The Outcasts of Poker Flat, Harte is able to make criminals seem like good guys. Usually a Western is about a perfect main character, who stops the bad guys but in this story, the main characters are some of the worst people in the town. His is also different from traditional Westerns in the way that it does not have any guns. When most people think of a Western, they think of guns, but Harte was able to transpose that. He wrote a story with no guns at all, and it is able to focus more on the characters and their feelings, kind of than action and violence.Harte goes far beyond the ordinary way of writing with this story. In the opening paragraph of The Outcasts of Poker Flat, Harte writes As Mr. John Oakhurst, gambler, stepped into the main street of Poker Flat on the morning of the twenty-third of November, 1850, he was conscious of a change in its moral atmosphere since the preceding night. Two or troika men, conversing earnes tly together, ceased as he approached, and exchanged significant glances. There was a Sabbath lull in the air, which, in a settlement unused to Sabbath influences, looked ominous.(The Outcasts of Poker Flat) As is visible in this paragraph, Harte was a very descriptive writer. He was able to paint a picture in the readers headspring and effectively set his storys mood. The characters that Harte used in this story were very significant. As state by Abby H. P. Werlock, his characters included the stoic gambler, the soft-hearted prostitute, the unthinking drunk, and the vigilante committee driven by personal interests and blind by the passion of a moment (Werlcok). All of these characters that Harte used are still seen in many Western stories today.In fact, they are quite typical in modern Western stories, but Harte was the one to come up with them. Shaping the Western genre and writing some of the most memorable stories of all time, such as The Outcasts of Poker Flat, was how Bret Ha rte was able to contribute to the rise of American literature. After Hartes era, Westerns became practically more popular. He forever changed American literature to be much more Western themed. Harte testament always be remembered as one of the best authors of all time, and more specifically, the man who changed the way Western stories are written.

Film versions of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Film meter readings of Romeo and Juliet EssayMy aim of this essay is to comp ar the dickens versions of Romeo and Juliet that are order by Baz Lehrman and Franco Zeffirelli. Lehrman decorate his in modern times with modern clothing and buildings. He still uses archaean modern English but with some communication channels changed, so the modern audience can deduce the tosh a little easier. It was created in 1996. It is given a Miami beach instalting with loud music and super-artsy sets, reviewers express Natural born killers meet Stratford-Upon-Avon, a kind of Shakespeare MTV. This version definitely helped younger people with the pinch of the play, and to appreciate the works of Shakespeare, simply because Lehrman could keep to the main basis of the story, yet modernise it to suit these upstart times, and keep the audience interested through break the whole of the film. It was certified as a twelve.Zeffirelis version is set in Elizabethan times in Italy. At the time that this film was created it was the first version of Romeo and Juliet where the two main characters were played by actual teenagers (seventeen and fifteen). He created the latest action, humour and romantic film version of Romeo and Juliet yet. It was snap in Italy in three main cities of Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, but all the scenes of riot and duelling were shot in Gubbio. It was certified as PG.Both of the opening scenes begin with the famous chorus Two households both homogeneous in dignity This gives you a basic outline of the story although it isnt clear. Zeffirelli had a male voice lecture with the same tone of voice throughout it, it was a fairly plain tone but had the glimmer of sadness as well. On the screen all you can see is a border touch the town at the edge of the screen in orange and yellow swirls giving it an ornament look. thither is a birds eye view moving across the town then through it, the television television camera moves precise slow and appears almost like an introduction to the town and gives a sense of romance and anger.The romance because of when the shot is in the town centre it pivots towards the sun it makes you think of happiness and love. Anger, because of the mist right at the head start and the dark shadows of the walls when the camera goes down fairly dark alleyways. on that point is folky and old aged music throughout it, this gives you a head start in knowing there will be old fashioned buildings and costume, this creates an image of the Shakespearian times and recall over the whole story of Romeo and Juliet.Lehrman begins with a television set and a pitch black background with the T.V screen fuzzy at first then with someone channel hopping giving you the directors name an the production team name. It is completely silent with only the sounds of the remote fancy flicking over the channels. Then there is a newscaster announcing the news/story of Romeo and Juliets death. She is reading the chorus which is r ead at the beginning of Franco Zeffirelis version. As she is talk the camera in truth slowly zooms into the screen. Then just as she reads the pull round line the camera zooms in very quickly into the blue background on the T.V screen.Then very loud opera music is played. This gives you a sense of danger maybe violence, the camera zooms down a long road through the town, I think this might have been influenced by the last line Is now the two hours traffic of our stage as the word traffic stands out. Then there are flashes of the scenes throughout the movie mainly of violence. The chorus is repeated this time by a male voice. There are pictures of newspaper articles and main words like Two star crossed lovers take their spiritedness this is to point out main themes of the story. There is withal displays of the white dove and sacred heart labelling Catholicism.The caller scene in Zeffirelis in some ways is different but also similar to that in Lehrmans, like when the pair talk to each different there is a solo being call in the background or on-stage both romantic songs to set the scene for when the pair fall in love. In Lehrmans you have the vision of Romeo who is on drugs, so there is a lot of spinning camera work to show the works of ecstasy also it changes from one thing to another like when Romeo is talking to Lord Capulet then the next moment he sees him apprisal also the appearance of Mercutio singing and dancing. after he is looking into the fish tank and there he sees Juliet on the other side of it. He instantly takes an interest in her beauty and follows her over.Then Juliet moves with Paris but keeps an eye out for Romeo. When the dance is over there is a huge celebration when Romeo grabs Juliets hand and they begin to talk then the camera shows what Juliet is seeing when Paris turns around ands laughs. Later when they are in the lift to stirher the camera slowly moves around them whilst they kiss to get all sides of them both, it does this a bout two times I think they do this because its such a passionate moment that Lehrman wanted to make it last as long as possible. In fact its done twice once when they get in the lift and then once more when they run out of the lift then back in. When the nurse comes to get Juliet she gives Romeo an evil look, which he doesnt understand at first until he realises that she is Capulet, the music quietens and the camera holds long time shots at both their faces also when Juliet finds out Romeos a Montague, this creates a lot tension.In Zeffirellis he chose to get Romeo to see Juliet before she sees him whilst she is dancing. curtly Juliet spots him and she takes an interest. Zeffirelli chose to get them to meet through a dance called the moreska. Here they dance together they dont in truth talk but you can see in their faces they begin to fancy each other. At this plane section just like in Lehrmans there is a lot of spinning camera work peculiarly when there are two circles dancing it shows flashes of Lord Capulet, Romeo, Juliet, and of the entire room which they are in.When it finishes a soloist comes on stage and every one creates a circle round him, Romeo and Juliet try to find each other and when they do Romeo grabs her hand and talks to her. Later they kiss and the camera pauses on them whilst there is no singing in the music this makes it fairly romantic but I think it would have been a bout better if the camera looked up and down them to show they are rightfully falling in-love. When the nurse takes Juliet onward she asks the nurse to find out who Romeo is. Also Romeo finds that Juliet is a Capulet here, as well as Juliet finding out that he is a Montague.Both directors chose to hold the camera on the couples first kiss. I think they chose this because it really creates a romantic atmosphere this helps people to see the passion between each other. Also they chose to get Romeo to grab Juliets hand from behind a column, this makes him appear like the no fear type, the type who are not scared to jump into things like here he instantly tries to impress her with holy palmers kiss. This keeps up Romeos personality on what he does for love, like at the end killing himself for Juliet.

Lasting Legacies Essay Example for Free

unchanging Legacies Es arrangeThe pretend of Confucianism in eastern United States Asia continues to mold and shape individual(a)ists dos so they can lead break in lives that will shake a positive effect on society. This can be achieved once the individual r from each onees a better chthonicstanding about their mutual obligations that a becoming society is revolved near give and take. It is the individuals who keep the lasting legacies of Confucianism with their patterns of acquaintance and belief by understanding how the world in truth works.The lasting legacies of Asiatic constitution-making thought and practice atomic number 18 besides seen through good reason out and moral values, political thought and challenge, the economy and the ego. Patterns of knowledge and belief argon critical in explaining ontological independence, rationality as poise, sacred cerebrate, and human nature. Ontological interdependence illustrates how events atomic number 18 l inked with other events and race with other slew. Everything that exists is interdependent and nonhing is separate. In general, it means the theory of reality.The concept of yang and yin shows interdependence beca engross they are forces in the cosmos that save gain reality through interdependence. Although there are misconceptions that yin and yang contradict each other, besides instead, they are complimentary. Complementarity, then, implies mutuality and reciprocity, therefore exerting some constraints on the degree of hierarchy (Yee, 316). Anything that is real can only be understood through its interdependence. Nothing can develop or exist al angiotensin-converting enzyme, such as the organization and society. This caprice can pose a challenge because it is dealt with account world power.An example of this is accountability in system and how it should act in secernate to puritanically lead a society knowing that their decisions will have an impact on their stack becau se every event and action are linked to each other. In name of institutions, accountability describes a copulationship in the midst of accountable and accounting parties so that accountable parties are accountable to accounting parties (Mo, 57). Political theorists have thought that good government is one that is kept under control and that accountability indicates the degree to which power is domesticated or subject to the regain of law (Mo, 57).This idea remains as the basic framework of the lasting legacies of Asian political thought and action. A nonher change idea that contri preciselyes to how people understand how the world actually works is through rationality as sense of equilibrium. correspond to East Asian philosophy, human beings are rational and that rationality involves balance. Being rational means having the ability to balance interests and time as rise as uncoveringing balance between others and ourselves. Knowing how to balance between our own interests to the interests of others. Balance is a device characteristic that is extremely important in a political draw.They need to know the balance in short term and long term needs of society. They also need to know how to balance the interests of self and others because they will fail if they dont think of self and others. It is the key to have the ability to make public policy. Balancing of interest places high value on harmony and cooperation. Furthermore, sacred reasoning also military services to explain the patterns of knowledge and belief. It has been understood in East Asian terms of synergism and interpenetrating boundaries. This means that we combine different phantasmal ideas to be powerful.Synergism means interaction, and the East Asian tradition has been a tradition trying to reconcile doctrines even if it may be separated to do so. Interpenetrating boundaries can also be observed in East Asia because one will find that people who are deeply religious tend to move from one religion to another and this would not be a violation of precepts. The boundaries of different religions are fluid. An example of this would be combining ideas of Taoism, Confucianism, and Buddhism. The goal is not to reject one idea or another precisely to integrate the ideas together in order to get a better understanding of how others view the world.In East Asian tradition, one does not just simply reject an idea, but to tolerate it and incorporate into their tradition. This is simply the idea of interpenetrating boundaries because forwardnessting boundaries is to set ones own limits. Human nature is also an aspect that helps humans to understand the patterns of knowledge and belief. According to East Asian traditions, they believe that human nature is not stubborn at present but a potential that could be developed. Our human nature is only a tendency, at outdo we are improvable so it cannot be taken for granted. Humans are improvable through self-cultivation. self-cultivat ion consists of will and sincerity. Humans must(prenominal) have to have the will and sincerity to improve themselves. Without sincerity, one will simply fail. This poses a political debate that if humans are cultivated and rational, then what should the use of government be in unlocking human nature. Whether government should be strong in its role or reeking in terms of allowing its citizens to control and organize their own lives. It is inarguable that only a government with proper order can facilitate the development of human beings into self-cultivation.To be human, one must start with the private cultivation of ones own character, and then be in harmony with others by extending ones virtue to others (de Bary, 179). Lasting legacies of East Asian thought and action continue with moral reasoning and moral values. It is about mutual obligations, which is the idea of give and take. Mutual obligation is the root for moral look story. In terms of moral values, it can be seen th rough justice, harmony, ecological family, and a good life. Justice as reciprocity is the belief that justice is about proper share, which results in equality. Justice doesnt emphasize equality start.It concentrates on proper shares, which means giving people what they out to get, and reciprocity, which is not just doing something for somebody else, but also about paying of proper shares. There is the idea of shared costs and public assistances and it is something that people use in judging government to judge whether it is just or unjust. In terms of harmony, East Asia argues that scrap should be minimized. They believe that optimizing differences should be a moral root in everyday life and that impinge is unproductive. Harmony is the balancing of differences and it also comes from abiding by natural laws.Scholars have emphasized that Heaven did not create harmony but only provided the conditions for humans to be in harmony and that a symphonic relationship between humans and their environment is conducive to their comfortably-being (de Bary, 177). The ecological family is emphasized as the ecology and it is which all civilization value. Family is the core foundation of any institution and it is also where values and morality develop. It is well known that Confucianism places a great deal of importance on the institution of the family (Chaibong 341).Family is a source of gaiety and the formation of human being from education topolitics. It is the basis of everything. The ecological family is the root of humanization and education. It is not fixed at birth but a tendency. It means the basis of education is in the family itself as they stop how to deal with other people. It has a role that is unusual because if the family is where human beings are shaped first, it is more than a unit of happiness and marriage. The role of mothers is extremely vital in shaping humanization because the teachings start with them. The ecological family also helps to sh ape humans through self-cultivation because people depend on their capabilities that begin first in the family.They discover what they can or cannot do. Self-cultivation is involved in the family because it teaches humans how to be reverential and follow obligations. The ecological family also teaches self-fulfillment that leads to happiness. It is happiness that humans get their whole lives because they have a sense that they have contributed to something bigger and better than themselves. It is happiness that is genuine and not counterfeit. Leadership also starts in the family. People who become leaders outside of the family are people who know how to lead in the family themselves.Families cannot withstand without leadership. From the Confucian point of view, it is not authoritative to have a family leader. The family is always talked as the root of leadership. If an individual is a good leader within the family, they are managely to be a good leader outside of the family. Asid e from the ecological family, living a good and flourishing life is an illustration of moral values. Human beings must know the separation of right and wrong, and understand the differences between material and moral in order to lead a flourishing life.Material and moral aspects can be achieved when there is proper order. The more proper order a government has, the more conducive it has to helping its citizens to build their lives. A flourishing order balances material and moral life. Human beings often lose sight of this and often emphasize on material. Political thought and action also helps to understand the lasting of legacies of East Asia in terms of proper order, politics as methodology and management, leadership and hierarchy, and religious rite. Proper order is striking a balance between government and civil action.The role of government is to create a certain conditions so that the best-selling(predicate) people can live without constant insecurity. Confucian scholars say that politics and government is an extension of the family and face-to-face ethics, and political conflicts must be dealt with according to the same principles used in a family context. Scholars also say that a state is nothing other than an enlarged form of family and the relations between the ruler and the subjects, and those between those who govern and those who are governed are equivalent to the relations between parents and children (de Bary, 184).Given that government should play the role of the family, they should act in ways to provide proper order even though ordinary people are seen as rational beings. East Asians will respond that good politics should be primary. political sympathies is also about methodology and management. This aspect is about creating a good life. The essentials of managing affairs is a principle for Confucian attainment that requires one to stand square on what is right, do not scheme for what is productive clarify the way, do not propose the hon ours (de Bary, 212).In this context, politics is necessary and it is there for the benefit of the citizens. It is there to overlook and organize society so that citizens can live a good life. administration is about methodology because it helps to understand how politics is a reflection of Confucian learning and it explains the complicated relation between the Confucian Way and Chinese practices. In terms of leadership and hierarchy, it is said that hierarchy is reciprocal, just, and beneficent. A proper order society requires some level of leadership and hierarchy. Hierarchy exists in all institutions and it is the governments job to make it good.Hierarchy is not something that can be terminateed or be escaped. To create a beneficent hierarchy, the government bases the rules on reciprocity. A ruler benefits his citizens through a policy and the citizen pays respects to the ruler. Reciprocity is dimed negatively in East Asia. What a ruler should do is not calculate what he does fo r others so that they can do for him. Instead, he shouldnt do to others what he doesnt lack others to do to him. Confucius emphasizes do not do to others what you do not want done to you. Another characteristic of political thought and action is ritual.The Confucian traditions recognize that human emotions need to be directed into life-sustaining channels and life ornamenting expression (de Bary, 344). Whoever controls ritual has the real political key towards political power. An attempt to destroy ritual is unacceptable and is extremely frowned down upon. According to the Confucian root, ritual is a part of life and it is intrinsic. Ritual isnt something that is hardwired but it is something that can be learned. It is part of culture and tradition. Ritual is something that displays both humdrum and differences. It shows how differences fit together.Some characteristics that show the conceptions of ritual are seen through collective action and it is rule bound. It is rule bound bec ause rituals have rules, it is not simply just made up. It has a beginning, middle, and an end. A good ritual shows what we share as human beings. An example of ritual is seen through marriage and that there must be mutual respect in order for the marriage to be held together. Some components of ritual are seen through the text, which is either written or oral. It can also be seen through institution context like in the family or religious groups.Another component of ritual is performance, and the audiences are the performers. The types of ritual are symbolic, causal, and cognitive. A symbolic ritual symbolizes something beyond the ritual act such as flag ceremonies or religious ceremonies. Causal rituals are rituals that cause outcomes and trial jury. Cognitive rituals according to the East Asian tradition is the learning by doing and by doing, changes are made. There are different life rituals that relate to the cognitive rituals. These life cycle rituals involve birth, marriage, death, ancestral sacrifice, politic rituals, and social season rituals such as New Years. include all these ideas, ritual is then see as the complex term detonating the basic principles of the universe which be all the laws, codes and rules of the natural and human world (de Bary, 191). The lasting legacies of East Asian thought and action are seen in the economy. The economy ties in virtuous achievement, ethic of savings and investment, education ethic, team-production ethic. For virtuous achievement, one must choose to achieve for self and others and they choose to achieve because its an obligation. Hard work goes beyond the pleasure of ends.In terms of education ethic, it is seen both inside and outside the family. It opens up opportunity and self-cultivation. It inspires people to follow and do service or help families and be fully good human beings. In team-production ethic, people work together to achieve a goal. Ethic is seen as norms and as values in action. These quater nion ethics have a profound effect such as trade leisure for work, and reckon problems through teamwork. The economy is extremely important and it is vital that there are ethics involved in order for the economy to prosper.It is said that economical considerations play an important part in political conflict because poverty leads to discontent and discontent leads to contention and conflict (de Bary, 185). Therefore, there are approaches to ways to prevent economic backwardness. The self and the lasting legacies of Confucian thought lies within individuality and self-cultivation, and service ethic. These aspects show the limits of globalization. It continues to be hold in because it makes humans aware of how they differ, which is an attempt to reassert tradition.Individualism is a Confucian idea that humans are individuated as a complex of constitutive roles and functions associated with their obligations to the various groupings to which they belong (Ames and Hall, 135). Individ uality is inarguably the consequence of the transactions that ensure eons personal focus. An individual is defined as being not a thing, but an event, describable in the language of uniqueness, integrity, social activity, relationally, and qualitative achievement (Ames and Hall, 141). These characteristics of individuality and self-cultivation as well as service are the lasting legacies of Confucian thought.The lasting legacies of East Asian thought and action continues to have a huge impact not only in East Asia, but close to the world. These lasting legacies are seen through the patterns of knowledge and self, moral reasoning and moral values, political thought and action, the economy, and the self. These legacies help humans to have a better understanding of how the world actually works. It explains that our actions are linked with each other and that we have mutual obligations. It explains that proper order is balance between government and civil action and that good politics should be primary.Confucianism and East Asian traditions continue to have a huge impact in modern civilization. Bibliography Bell, Daniel, and Chae-bong Ham. Confucianism for the Modern World. Cambridge, UK Cambridge UP, 2003. Print. De, Bary William Theodore, and Irene Bloom. Sources of Chinese Tradition. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. New York Columbia UP, 1999. Print. Magagna, Victor. Conceptions of Human Nature price Theater, La Jolla. 01 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Family Forest or Ecological Family damage Theater, La Jolla. 03 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Proper state? What Is Proper Order? Price Theater, La Jolla. 05 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Paradoxes of Rationality Price Theater, La Jolla. 12 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Confucian Government in fill Price Theater, La Jolla. 15 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Self Cultivation Price Theater, La Jolla. 26 Oct. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Ritual Components Price Theater, La Jolla. 07 Nov. 2012. Lecture. Magagna, Victor. Lasting Legacies Price Theater, La Jolla. 12 Dec. 2012. Lecture. Yao, Xinzhong. An Introduction to Confucianism. New York Cambridge UP, 2000. Print.